LOYAL PUBLICATION SOCIETY, 8 63 BROADWAY •Vo. 14 NATIONAL ECONOMIC NECESSITY. FROM THE GERMAN COMMERCIAL GAZETTE. YORK, OCT., 1S63. NEW YORK: Wm. C. Bryant & Co., I'kintbrs, 41 Nassau Street, cor. Liberty. 1 863.
3. 7/ 1^33 U3XKL PUBLICATION SOCIETY, WM0 The objects of the Society are expressed in the follovnng liesolution, formally adopted by the unanimous vote of the Society, at its first Meeting, 11 February, 1863. Resolved, That the object of this organization is, and shall he confined to the distribution of Journals and Documents of unquestionable and unconditional loyalty throughout the United States, and particularly in the Armies now engaged in the suppression of the Rebellion, and to counteract, as far as practicable, the efforts now being made by the enemies of the Government and the advocates of a disgraceful peace to circulate journals and documents of a disloyal character. Persons sympathising with the objects of this Society and wish ing to contribute funds for its support, may address MOR KIS KETCHUM, Esq., Treasurer, 40 Exchange Place, Receipts will be promptly returned.
THE PRESERVATION OF THE UNION, A NATIONAL ECONOMIC NECESSITY. FROM THE GERMAN COMMERCIAL GAZETTE The present conflict between the North and South, having been discussed almost to exhaustion, from a political point of view, the task remained to present it from a national, economic and social point of view. This has been done in a most lucid and conclusive manner in a comprehensive circular, issued by one of the first commercial houses of New York, in which it is clearly demonstrated that the Preservation of the Union is an indispensable necessity for the whole civilized world. The very complete and valuable statistical tables which have been carefully collated from the last census report, together with an ex tract of the essential points from the circular itself, are herewith presented to the American reader. In view of the colossal productive and commercial power of the United States, every impartial mind must approve the prospective results of the present conflict as herewith presented. Separation of the Union is so completely shown to be synonymous with retrogression of general civilization, that at this enlightened period, no one can advocate such a retrograde movement without offending against all manWnd. What right-thinking man can aid with his sympathy, much less by his direct support, in the destruction of this glorious whole, which has been created by the intelligent industry of several generations? Who would willingly lend a hand in closing up the inexhaustible sources of wealth which nature with unmatched liberality has lavished upon this truly great country 1 Surely no truly enlightened person in either hemisphere could be guilty of so gross an outrage against the best interests of mankind.
GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE TEN YEARS FROM 1850 TO I860 Population. Property. Bank Capital. Railroads. Production, 1860 Agriculture. 1,000 Inhabitants. Million Dollars. Million Dollars. Miles. Cost Million Dolls. Million Dollars. Manufactures. Fisheries. Mines. 1850. I860. 1S50. I860. 1850. I860. 1850. 1SC0. 1850. I860. New York__ _ 3,098 3,881 1,080 1,843 49 Ill 1,403 2,702 65 131 380 233 Pennsylvania. . 2,312 2,906 722 1,417 18 26 822 2,442 42 144 286 174 Ohio.................... 1,980 2,340 505 1,194 9 7 575 2,901 11 112’ 125 140 Illinois............... 851 1,712 156 872 • • 0 111 2,868 1 105 67 103 Indiana................ 988 1,350 203 529 2 4 228 2,126 3 70 43 81 Massachusetts. 995 1,231 573 815 37 65 1,036 1,273 48 59 266 74 Kentucky........... 982 1,156 302 666 8 13 78 568 2 19 36 69 Missouri............ 682 1,182 137 501 1 9 • • 817 • • 42 44 71 Iowa.... ,.... 192 675 24 247 • • • a • • 680 • • 19 15 40 Maine................... 583 628 123 190 3 8 246 472 7 17 36 37 Maryland.......... 583 687 219 377 8 13 253 380 12 21 43 41 Michigan........... - -----------*------T----- 398 749 60 257 1 1 342 790 9 31 35 45 New Jersey... 490 672 200 468 4 8 206 560 9 29 81 40 Connecticut. .. 371 460 156 444 10 22 412 603 14 22 83 28 Tennessee.......... 1,003 1,110 201 494 7 8 . • 1,198 • • 30 17 67 Wisconsin........... 305 776 42 274 • • 8 20 923 1 34 29 47 Other States.. 7,379 9,635 2,433 5,572 70 114 2,857 9,281 73 2S1 324 i Total. .. .................................. 23,192 31,150 7,136 16,160 227 422 8,589 30,593 297 1,166 1,900 I 1. -- ------- — Value of Farms in United States, - - - - - - - * “ $6,650,872,507. Agricultural Implements, • • « • - - - 247,027,496. Horses, Cattle and Swine, • • - • • - • • 1,107,490,216. <4 Animal Cut Meats, • • • • • • • 212,871,653. Area of the United States, • • • - - • 3,250,000 square miles. «< Coal Fields in United States, • • • • • - - • • 200,000 u Tonnage of Commercial Marine, •• “ - • • - • • • 5 539,812 tons. Value of same, - - - - - - - - 221,592,480 dollars. to
DISTRIBUTION OF SOME OF THE PRINCIPAL ^RANCHES OF THE A OU AL’PRODUCTION OF 1863 AOK1CVLIUEE. Wheat,................bushels ........171,183,387 Rye.......................... " 20,976,286 Corn....................... “ 830,451,707 Oat*......................... “ ........ 172,554,688 Feas and Beans.. " 15,188,013 Potatoes............... “ 152,181,503 Bailey.................... " 15,635,119 Buckwheat........... " 17,664,914 Hay...................... tons..................... 19,129,129 Clover and Grass Seed, .bs............ 1,829.010 Hemp...................tons..................... Io4,190 Flax.................... lbs........................ 3,783,079 Flaxseed..-........ bs.......................... 611,927 Cotton................................... 5,198,077 T< .bacco.................lbs.......................429,390,771 Rice...................... “........................ 187,130,173 Sugar Cane..... .bhds............. 302,205 Maple Sugar........... Ils.................... 38,863,884 Molasses........ ....gals..................... 25,000,000 Wine..................... “.................... 1,860,008 Hops................ ....lbs.................... 11,040,012 Garden Produce............................... $35,300,388 NANUFACrUBKS. Flour.................................................$224,000,000 Cotton Goods................................. 115,000,000 Timber............................................ 96,000,000 Shoes and Boots............................ 90,000,000 Leather............................................ 72,000,000 Clothes............................................. 70,900,000 Woolen Manufs.............................. 69,000,000 Machinery........................................ 47,000,000 Prints.............................................. 42,000,000 Sugar Refineries............................. 38,500,000 Hollow Ware.................................. 28 500,000 Spirituous Liquors......................... 25,000,000 Furniture........................................ 24,000,000 Malt, <tc.......................................... 18,000,000 Agricultural Implements............. 17,800,000 Paper............................. 17,500,000 Soap............................................... 17,000,000 Gold and Silver Ware................... 19,554,580 Musical Instruments..................... 5,791,807 Gas................................................... 11,224,380 Fisheries.......................................... 12,924,092 Sewing Machines.................. 5,605,345 MINES. Gold...................................................$47,744,402 Quicksilver...................................... 2,000,u00 Copper....................tons................... 14,432 Iron.......................... “ 884,474 Lead......................... “ 9,000 Zinc Ore................ " ................... 11,800 Nickel..................... “ 2,348 Coal.......................... “ 15,164,407 Coal Oil.................barrels.............. 1,092,450 Salt.................................................... $2,265,302 CAL1LE, AC. Horses............................................... 7,300,972 Mules................................................. 1,296,330 Sheep................................................ 24,823,566 Hogs........ .......................................... 36,022,276 OS ANNUAL PRODUCTION. Wool........................lbs..................... 60,511,343 Butter......................“...................... 460,509,854 Cheese......................“.......................105,875,134 Honey.......................“ 25,013,760 Wax.........................“...................... 1,357,071 Silk......................... “...................... 6,562 FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES. 1853. 1854. 1855. 1856. 1857. 1858. 1859. 1860. 1861. 1862. Importations—Millions Dollars..................... .... 268 305 261 315 361 283 339 362 336 206 Exportations, “ ....................... 230 278 8^275 327 363 325 357 400 249 230 Total.............................................. 498 583 536 642 724 608 696 762 585 _ • 436 Of which New York City imports mills, dols.. 194 181 158 214 231 153 245 238 163 175 Exports................................................................ 94 101 100 121 118 86 138 146 143 217 Total............................................. 288 282 258 £335 349 239 '383 384 306 392
4 The above Tables present an interesting picture of the wealth and wonderful progress of this country. With an increase of population since 1850 ef 25 per cent., or 8 millions, the value of property has increased in the same space of time 127 per cent., or 9,000 millions of dollars 1—and with all this the above figures do not, by any means, give the real, entire value of the national property, for not only is the Government property and public domain not embraced therein, but the data are mainly obtained from the Registers of direct Taxation, in which the estimated valuations are always taken at the lowest amount of consideration for the tax-payers. A people which, with its great extravagance in its expenditures, increases nevertheless the value of its property annually 900 millions of dollars, must pot only have been prodigally endowed by nature with all the elements of wealth, but. it must have developed, also, an uncommon degree of energy and intelligence in the utilization of the resources which its territory possesses. Since 1850 the United States have increased their Banking Capital nearly 200 millions of dollars, and their Railroads 22,000 miles, at an expense of nearly 1,000 million dollars. The country has now over 32,000 miles of Railroads in active use, 30,000 miles of Water Communication, more or less artificial, and 40,000 miles of Telegraphic Lines ! The great variety in the means of support and acquisition of wealth is one of the especial advantages of this country; and the above Tables show what gigantic proportions its productive capacity has already attained in the various branches of Agriculture, Manufactures, Mining, &c., &c. Whilst the Western and Southern States show astonishing progress in Agriculture, the Northern and Eastern States have developed equally great progress in Manufactures. Foreign immigration brings to the whole country its invaluable advantages; the accumulation of capital in the Eastern States develops, in connection with the immense wealth of coal, minerals, and forests, constantly new and ever farther reaching industrial enterprises, and in these prodigious achievements the restless energy of the American brings to his aid the practical and inventive genius of the people in the shape of innumerable labor-saving machines and con
5 trivances, without which, these immense triumphs over* nature could never have been accomplished. The Commercial power of the United States fully corresponds with these enormous resources. Great Britain has a more extended foreign commerce, because it imports nearly all the raw materials from foreign countries, and re-exports them as manufactured articles. Not so with the United States. This country contains within its own territory nearly all the raw materials in greatest abundance, and exports of these only the surplus, and imports only coffee, tea, sugar, and articles of luxury—and but few articles which it needs for its industry. The Commerce of United States may be seen from the above Tables, to which arc added some which relate to the city of New York alone, and which even now are on the increase. But who can estimate with reference to the above Tables of production the magnitude of the Internal Commerce between the several States ? Who can say how much less this country would import, and how much more it would export, if, in European fashion, the people would economise only a few years ? Already has Europe been obliged to send here in 1861, the first year of the war, more than 40 millions of dollars to cover the balance of trade in our favor 1 And it may, perhaps, become as important for the great money marts of Europe, as for its manufacturing interests, that the Union should be restored as soon as possible to its normal condition. The United States is truly the land—the very paradise of labor. Here is no place for idlers, be they rich or be they poor! Labor here makes all men equal; here the European noble and peasant work side by side ! In no country on the face of the earth is labor more prized and honored, or better paid than here ! Even capital, which in Europe controls labor, here becomes subordinate to and serves labor. It is the free and intelligent labor of the country that creates the Administration or the Government, that is, the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial powers of the country. Whatever may bo said against the doings and intrigues of the politicians, yet it is the highest honor of the system of government of the United States that Free Labor—that is to say, the equal right of all men to the pursuit of happiness—has been
G recognized as the first natural and inalienable right; and that this right has been consistently asserted in every direction ; and it is the Union alone and above all which protects this fundamental right against all possible assumption of power by single states, and which gives it permanent and national guarantees. The Union, therefore, represents the principles of free Labor, ■ free Intercourse, free River and Lahe Navigation, free Schools, free Press, and free Religion. The Union guarantees in its entire immense extent of 3,250,000 square miles (almost as large as all Europe), to all its present and future inhabitants the most unlimited liberty of thought, commerce, and industry. Unquestionably it is mainly this great principle which has given to the Union its vast power and prosperity, and which cannot fail to secure to it a still more glorious future. Of what use would be to this country its rich and fertile lands, if the West were separated from the East, and the North from the South, by all sorts of inter-state restrictions and jealousies ; if the people were compelled to surrender regularly a large portion of its working population to standing armies ; or if it were restrained in the free exercise of its labor and industry by interstate tariffs, or by a system of guilds, like that remnant of the middle ages in Europe? In the Old Country, where a different condition of things requires a different system of government, the people are proud, and very properly so, of the great progress which has been made there, in facilitating intercourse amongst the different peoples, in the abolition of river dues, guilds, the progress of free trade, and the emancipation of the serfs; and yet all these achievements of modern times are but fragments of the great and general freedom of labor, which the Union guarantees for all time to come, to every citizen, native and adopted, as well as to the future immigrant. Viewed from this stand-point, the attempt of the Rebels to destroy the Union, and to establish in its stead a Confederacy based upon Human Slavery as its corner stone, cannot be regarded as other than a crime against this Nineteenth Century, and as an attempt against all recognized human rights. Can any one doubt as to the result of this conflict? As well might we assume that England would re-enact its former system
of protective duties, its corn laws, and navigation act; that Germany would revive the old guilds, soccage service, and religious persecutions; that Russia would restore the just abolished serfdom. In fact, we might as well assume that civilization would retrograde, and that the great civilized nations of Europe would go back to the feudal system of the middle ages I The great natural rights of man, that have their being in the Union, are more powerful by far than all the armies or intrigues of the enemies of the Union. The fortune of war has not much favored the North during the past year, and yet do we see that the idea of the Union has resumed entire sway again in the Slave Border States of Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, and a large portion of Virginia, and that even the question of the total abolition of slavery is assuming in those States the most forcible prominence. Our country has always developed most actively after every commercial crisis, and it will surely emerge from the present political crisis with regenerated and greater power.
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OFFICERS OF THE LOYAL PUBLICATION SOCIETY, 863 BROADWAY, YEW YORK President. CHARLES KING. Treasurer. MORRIS KETCHUM. Secretary. JOHN AUSTIN STEVENS, Jr. Finance Committee. CHARLES BUTLER, Chairman. GEORGE GRISWOLD, MORRIS KETCHUM, CHARLES H. MARSHALL, HENRY A. HURLBUT, THOMAS N. DALE, WILLIAM A. HALL, T. B. CODDINGTON, Publication JACKSON S. SCHULTZ, A. C. RICHARDS, L. P. MORTON, SETH B. HUNT, DAVID DOWS, JOSIAH M. FISKE, JAMES MoKAYE. Committee FRANCIS LIEBER, Chairman. G. P. LOWREY, Secretary. Executive Committee. WILLIAM T. BLODGETT, Chairman. GEORGE WARD NICHOLS, Secretary.
The Loyal Publication Society lias already issued a large number of Slips and Pamphlets which have been widely circulated. Amongst the most important are the following: Y No. 1. Future of the North West, by Robert Dale Owen. 2. Echo from the Army. 3. Union Mass Meeting, Speeches of Brady, Van Buren, &c. 4. Three Voices: the Soldier, Farmer and Poet. 5. Voices from the Army. 6. Northern True Men. 7. Speech of Major-General Butler. 8. Separation; War without End. Ed. Laboulaye. 9. The Venom and the Antidote. 10. A few words in behalf of the Loyal Women of the United States, by One of Themselves. 1 11. No Failure for the North. Atlantic Monthly. 12. Address to King Cotton. Eugene Eelletan. 13. How a Free People conduct a long War. Stille. 14. The Preservation of the Union, a National Economic Necessity. 15. Elements of Discords in Secessia, &c., &c. 16. No Party now, but all for our Country. Francis Lieber. 17. The Cause of the War. Col. Charles Anderson. i 18. Opinions of the early Presidents and of the Fathers of the Republic upon Slavery, and upon Negroes as Men and Soldiers. I] 19. Qcinljeit unb ^reilieii, non Hermann Ku ft er. 20. Military Despotism ! Suspension of the Habeas Corpus I &c. 21. Letter addressed to the Opera-House Meeting, Cincinnati, by'CW. Charles Anderson. 22. Emancipation is Peace. By Robert Dale Owen. 23. Letter of Peter Cooper on Slave Emancipation. 24. Patriotism. Sermon by the Rev. Jos. Fransioli, of St. Peter’s (Catholic) Church, Brooklyn. 25. The-Conditions of Reconstruction, by Robert Dale Owen. 26. Letter to the President, by Gen. A. J. Hamilton, of Texas. 27. Nullification and Compromise : a Retrospective View. 28. The Death of Slavery. Letter from Peter Cooper to Gov. Seymour, l! 29. Slavery Plantations and the Yeomanry. By Francis Lieber. 30. Rebel Conditions of Peace. 31. Address of the Loyal Leagues. 32. War Power of the President—Summary Imprisonment— by J. J Lermans. J 33. The Two Ways of Treason. 34. The Monroe Doctrine, by Edward Everett, &c. 35. The Arguments of Secessionists. 36. Prophecy and Fulfilment. Letter of A..H. Stephens—Address of 'i E. W. Gantt. i - -----——— Loyal Leagues, Clubs, or individuals may obtain any of our i Publications at the cost price, by application to the Executive j Committee, or by calling at the Booms of the Society, No. 863 Broadway, where all information may be obtained relating to । the Society. V
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