The Cedarville Herald, Volume 12, Numbers 27-52

mum The Cedarville Herald. w . H. BLAIR, FubUshar. C E D A R V IL L E . ; : t OHIO. 1 : i p' s SOUTH AMERICA. W hy T lm t C ountry la So F a r H alibut th a ■ • United. S tates. Prom time to time, numbers of peo­ ple are seized with a craze to emigrate to some portion of South America, un­ der the hallucination that certain pros­ perity awaits the settler in any part of th a t country. The fertility of its soil, the delightfulnesa of its climate, tho . fabulous richness of its mines of gold, silver and precious stones are set forth in glowing terms, and the fairy tale is believed until the deluded emigrants arrive at their destination. Then they are speedily disillusioned, and after struggling a few years against the ad­ verse circumstances of their environ­ ment, they either die, or return to the United States broken in fortune and in health. A correspondent, who has been tempted to try his fortune in' the south­ ern, half of tho western hemisphere, but who seems to have thought it best to act with circumspection, wishes to know why the fertile countries. of South America advance so slowly in wealth and population. 'That is a very interesting question.- In all that conti­ nent, which is nearly as large as North America, there are but twenty- six millions of inhabitants, while North America contains almost three times th a t number. Ilrazil, for example, which'-is about as largo ns the United States, and was settled sooner, con­ tains only about ten millions .of people, ' and nowhere exhibits anything like the prosperity which has ' marked every period of our own history. The principal reasons of this differ­ ence are three in number; In the first -place, nature herself in South America interposes mighty obstacles.to the pur­ poses of man. Vast plains exist, which, in the rainy season, are covered with luxuriant verdure, and in the dry sea­ son assume the appearance of a desert. Tho- forests, owing to the fertility of the soil under a tropical sun, are so dense and tangled os almost to baffle the efforts of the pioneer to remove them; The principal rivers, which are the largest in the world, are more like flowing seas than navigable streams. The Plata, for example, is one hundred and thirty miles wide a t its mouth, and is full of strong, irregular currents. The Amazon, too, which is four thou­ sand miles in length, and navigable for one-half that distance, is, in many plnees. so wide that 'the navigator has to sail by. the compass. The mountains, also, are precipitous and difficult of ac­ cess, and contain thirty active vol­ canoes. All nature, in fact, is on a pro­ digious scale, and the very richness Of the soil is frequently an injury rathor than a help to man. In the next place, tho Spanish and Portuguese, who settled this continent; drawn thither by the lust of gold, were little fitted to wrestle with the ob­ stacles which nature placed in their path. Lastly, the Spanish and Portu- °guese governments, narrow, bigoted, ignorant and tyrannical, for three cen­ turies cramped tho energies of the peo­ ple and oppressed them by merciless exactions. , People who are thus oppressed for centuries lose heart and manliness of spirit; they sink into ignorance and su­ perstition; they learn to bo content with lives but little raised above the life of brutes, and so become incapac­ itated for prosperity. When, early in tho century, owing to tho heroism and virtue of Simon Bolivar, tho yoke of Spain was thrown off by the finest provinces in South America, the long- oppressed inhabitants were unable to profit'by their liberation. They were totally unaccustomed to self-govcrn-. ment; they had no conception of the binding obligations of public law or private agreements; they were not amenable to .the. influence of enlight­ ened public opinion; they were incapa­ ble of restraining their provoked pas­ sions for tho purpose of securing last­ ing future good, and so they have gone on from revolution to revolution, with­ ou t stable governments, or steady in­ dustry, or thrifty commerce, and are now bnt little in advance of their con­ dition half a century ago. I t is useless for citizens of the United States, who all their lives have been accustomed to obey and revere the laws which their fathers and them­ selves have made,, to seek for a satis­ factory home among people who have bttt crude ideas of the sacredness of public law and private obligations.-—N, Y. Ledger.______________ M usical Cookery. That the Germans are the most mu­ sical people in the world any one would bo quite willing to believe after read­ ing a certain cook book which was pub­ lished recently in Berlin, and which contained the following very explicit directions for cooking eggs “to a turn;” “Take the required number of eggs, put. tiiem into boiling water, then place yourself a t the piano and play a polka allegro moderate. At the end of the Inst movement the eggs will be done." To cook a last year’s spring clilckcn, nothing less than a symphony of Beeth- oven’u would be necessary, probably.— - Youth’s Companion. —The pickpocket is a living example of the troth that In order to succeed in life one should keep in touch will; hi* fellows.—Boston Courier. THE BATTLE FIELD. A STORY OF GEN. BUTLER. Ills M idnight Itldp from IJaltlm b re to th e Xiiiloimt C apital. . An old Washingtonian tells of a thrilling midnight ride by Gen. Ben Butler from Baltimore to Washington to carry the news of the capture of Fort Hattcras to President Lincoln. After the fort hod been occupied .by Butler's troops the general started on a transport for Washington by way of Annapolis. At the latter point a loco­ motive and a passenger car were found, and the general was \yhirlcd to An­ napolis1,Junction, where ho was: stop­ ped at 11 o’clock a t night by an officer of the mid, who said his train could not proceed until the .regular express from Washington to Baltimore had passed. ,‘TIas the train left Washington yet?" asked Butler. I t had not. “Can not this train run to Washing-^ ton before .the express will leave?” " The officer replied that it might, but it was contrary to the regulations of the road. . “Then,” said Butler, “we will d’o it.” ■/' . . “But it is contrary to the regula­ tions,” insisted the railroad man. . “No, it is not,” quickly replied But­ ler. “There are new regulations in force now.” And, ordering the passen­ ger coach to he cut off, ho sprilng upon the engine and gave the engineer the word of command; / “Go through!” The engineer hesitating, the general seized,the throttle, remarking: “ I know' something about a locomotive myself.” Without further remonstrance tho •en­ gineer started the locomotive, and tho big iron horse was soon speeding down the track at a tremendous pace, Butler standing watch in hand timing the dis­ tance between the mile posts. I t was a terrific pace for those days and the run' was made in total dark­ ness. Just before midnight the lights of the capital were discerned in the dis­ tance, and two minutes later the en­ gine came shrieking into the station; just five minutes before the time sched­ uled for tlie departure of the Baltimore express. “Well done, my man,” said Butler, as he slapped the ’engineer f/., the back and jumped upon the station platform. “The new regulations are revoked and the old ones renewed.” Butler spraug into a waiting carriage and was quickly whirled to the White House. President Lincoln was aroused and Montgomery Blair and Capt. Fox, assistant secretary'of the navy, were- speedily snnuuoncd. Mr, Lincoln'ap­ peared in a long white night shirt, and upon hearing the news seized Fox, a short stout man, in hhl arms and the two danced around the room, the presi­ dent’s long naked legs cutting the, wild­ est capers.—N. -Y. World. AN INCIDENT OF WAR TIMES. A Man lVhOM- A ntl-l'nlon Fouling Led to * » llluoiiy F ight. The death of Addison M. Starr a t San Francisco recalls an exciting Incident of wjir times in Portland when lie was sheriff. One night in the winter of ISO? (’apt. Staples, of the steamer Brother.Jonathan, which afterward went down off Crescent City, Cal,, Capt. Dodge, a gambler named Fred Patter­ son . and a familiar character lcndwn as “One-armed Brown” were drinking in the old Pioneer hotel on Front and Washington streets. All were taking a drink with Staples, who was pretty well “loaded.” When tho barkeeper said "all ready, gentlemen." Capt. Staples lifted his glass and said: “Here's to the Union!” “To halifnx with the Union,” answer­ ed Patterson, before nny one could say Jack llobinson, Immediately the other men look after Patterson, who ran out of tho hotel into the street. The fire hells were rung and so were the church hells, summon­ ing nearly everybody who lived in Port­ land. A great crowd collected abont the Pioneer hotel and threatened to hang Patterson. Brown got a rope, the lamp-post was handy, and Patterson was all that was needed, lie had taken refuge on the stairs of the hotel, and as brown approached with /the rope he cried out; “I will kill the first man who comes up the stairs." “Give me the rope,” shouted Capt. Staples, “and I’ll bring him down by the neck.” Staples took the tope and started up stairs, As he npproaclied Patterson the latter fired a shot in the; air. Nothing daunted, Staples kept on. The next time Patterson fired to kill, and Capt. Staples fell with a mortal wound In Ids stomach. Patterson fled and took ref­ uge in an outhouse nnd surrendered to Lonis M. Starr, Addison's brother, who was then deputy sheriff. As lie was leading Patterson to jail hundreds of people crowded around and threatened mob violence. Sheriff Starr appeared on the scene about this time, and, draw­ ing his pistol, threatened to kill the first man who touched Patterson. This prevented trouble. Tho next day Patterson was released on ten thonsand-dollar bonds, furnished by ex-United States Senator Ben Stark, T. J. Holmes and A. Arrigoni. The Jury before which he was tried acquit­ ted him. Patterson was afterward shot dead in a barber’s chair-in Walla Walla by a man named Dcnahoe, who was a special policeman in Portland when Capt, Staples was kfll*d.—Northwest tiagazin*. # . • ADMIRAL AND GENERAL* T h e Only R em em b ered Im ta n ro o f a Man H old ing B o th R ank s a t th e Sam e Tim e. Rear-Admiral Samuel I*. Carter la the only man in this country who has held high grades in both the army and navy, He may bo compared to an inverted axiom, a man who was big enough to hold two commissions a t one and the. same time. He was a brigadier-general in the army and a lieutenant hi tho navy in the early part of the civil war and a major-general in the army and only a ' lieutenant commander in the navy a t the close of the war. To-day he is a rear-admiral on the retired list of the navy. Bear Admiral Carter -was horn hi Car­ te r county, Tonn., and was appointed a midshipman in the navy February 14, 1840, When the civil war began he was a lieutenant on the Seminole ill tho Brazil squadron, and believing that the navy would have little active work to do lie askqd to be assigned to the army, and on July 11, 1801, reported to the secretary of war for special duty, Ho. was instructed to go to East Tepnosseo to raise troops and organizothe Ten. nessce brigade; to. which be was as­ signed to command in .September with tho appointment of brigadier general. His first engagement was at Wild Cat, Ivy., in October, when Zollicoffer, the’ confederate general in command, was repulsed. , lie, was at the battle of Mill Springs, January, 1S03, and in the Operations against Cumberland Gap un­ til it was captured on June 17, ISO!!. lie was also in the Kanawha v alley in No­ vember, 1803, when tho rebels were driven out and the-valley occupied by union troops. 1 Ho commanded the cavalry expedi­ tion iqto East Tennessee which tore'up the railroads and destroyed the bridges, and was in several.' engagements in which the rebels were always defeated. It was the first cavalry raid of any im­ portance made by. the union troops into rebel territory. For this conspicuous service lie was promoted to major gen­ eral, and lie was in several engage­ ments afterward, and in September, ISO;!, was made provost marshal general in Tennessee, which place he retained until near the close of the war, when, lie asked for active duty and was sent to North Carolina, being in command of Goldsboro during its occupancy by Gen, .Sherman's forces. In January, 1800, he was mustered out of tiie army and Returned to the navy with: the grade of commander, of tlie rank of lieutenant colonel of. the army.—Chica­ go Post. ■ ■* NEGROES IN THE WAR. Colored T roops P rove T h e ir M ettle a t th e A ssault on l*ort Hudson. 1 The impression still prevails in some quarters that tlie colored people did lit­ tle or nothing in the civil war to secure their own freedom. Tlie well informed know that this is incorrect. In the la­ ter bultles.of the great struggle many of them offered up tlieir lives for theii race-and tlieir country. They made good soldiers, and tho officers who com­ manded them frequently lind occasion to praise them. In the. fierce assault on Port Hudson, May 27, 18(53, two regi­ ments of colored troops took part. As the use of Negroes in theurifay was then something o f ' an experiment, Geii, Banks noted their behavior closely, und after the battle made this report: “Tho position occupied, by these troops was one of importance and called for the ut­ most steadiness and bravery in those to whom it was confided. It give-, me pleasure to report that they answered every expectation. In many respects their conduct was heroic. No troops could bo more determined or more daring. They made dur­ ing the day three charges upon the bat­ teries of the enemy, suffering very heavy losses and holding their position at nightfall with tho other troops on the right of our line. Whatever doubt may have existed heretofore as to the efficiency of organizations of this kind the history of this day proves conclu­ sively to those who were in condition to observe the conduct of these regi­ ments that the government will find in this class of troops effective supporters and defenders,” The soundness of Gen. Banks* conclusions was proved in many a subsequent action.—Chicago News. I t W as a licit Ray, “Was it a hot day?” said a Bull Run graduate in reply to a question put by his son. “It was a scorched, tha t same July 21, 1801. But we were all young fellows and didn't feel it. I belonged to a Maine regiment that had two officers killed and forty odd men killed and wounded that day, and you can bet that it was hot where we were. At 4 o'clock in the morning I sat on my horse with my regiment drawn up each side of the road to let another brigade pass by between. Pretty soon I heard my name, called, and Johnny Simonson, Clove Winslow and a dozen other boys from Staten Island came np and shook hands with , me, They belonged to the Seventy-first regiment, and we lind been boys together. Some hours after­ ward I stood upon a caisson of Ayer’s battery, in the center of the field, and watched tlie Seventy-first deploy in line of battle nnd engage tlie enemy. They never paraded more handsomely on Broadway, and as a New Yorker I wanted to take off my liat and cheer. The fire was terrible, hut the hoys never flinched, and in view of tho -fact that the term of their enlistment had already ended* their performance on that day was magnificent Yes, It was a. hot day, but nobody on that field asked whether It was hot enough.”—N. Y. Sun. IN WOMAN’S BEHALF. LONDON’S LITERARY WOMEN. Tlieir Standing: mill {trowing Power In the World o f I.ltrratnre. One watches with interest every in­ novation that effects tlie conditions of life for literary women, now that this life is being broadened and developed so rapidly. Perhaps of all the changes that have taken place in woman’s world, none has been so great and none so little realized as that between her old and her new position in literature. One 1ms only to remember how fifty or even twenty-five years ago the woman who wrote was exceptional, tolerated by a few, sneered a t as a blue-stocking by the many, and then see how, now­ adays, she is accepted as a matter of course. ,One of tho leading London publishers, talking to mo the other day, told me he /was more and more struck, as time went on, with the -conspicuous part English women were playing in the literature of tlieir country. Every day, it seemed to him, more came with MSS. and schemes to submit to his con­ sideration, and, what’ is of further .significance, these MSS. and schemes were also growing daily’in 'commercial value and importance.- I t is'only right, in pussing, to call attention to tlie. fact that woman’s very literary success threatens her literary excellence. In literature tlie number of its professors, is not the main consideration. Of course there are literary women the world over, and in towns like Paris and Boston and New York, they take a very prominent place.- • But it is above all in English-Speaking races that wom­ an lias within the last generation boldly adopted literature as a profession, and for all English-speaking races London is the headquarters. Tlie British mu­ seum alone would be enough to attract her, even as it proves a magnet to the literary man. To be sure, in the Brit­ ish museum one never secs the women who have made the greatest reputations. I remember, on my first visit, how ea­ ger I was to have all the celebrities pointed out to me. and how disappoint­ ed when the official, who was showing me around, asked me if I had never heard of the poor “devil” who came to drudge for the great man or woman. And indeed,-most of the women who are daily habitues of the. reading room. —and they are many—are tlie veriest hacks, making research on commission or drudging for publishers and editors on a starvation wage. Now that tlie literary women of Lon­ don have become social leaders in the. large literary and artistic set, now that tlieir influence is bo keenly felt in the publishing world, it may at first-seem strange that they have not combined forces and formed themselves into some sort, of an 'association, defensive and* progressive. But that they have not is reully a proof that they understand tlieir position too well, and that they frankly equalize tho doctrine preached by women reformers, that when the two sexes shure tlie same, interests and work, they- should meet on equal grounds. Women as well us -men who write, be­ long to the Society of Authors. When tlie society was started Mr. Walter Ite­ rant promised man’s strong protection to all poor, weak women authors, lint Mrs. Fenwick Miller, in good, strong language, protested, declaring that if women were not received as members on exactly the same footing as men, they would far better not be received at all. But there Is one distinction made in this society to which, strange* to say. no woman has so far taken objection. Tlie. council amt executive -committee arc composed as exclusively of men as the houses of parliament. Since many women of high literary standing are in­ cluded among the members, it would seem but a fair arrangement if they too were represented in the management of tho association,—Elizabeth II. Pennell, in Chautauquan, MODERN MARRIAGE, -tVliKt It klinnlil lie, nnd Why It Very Often Falls Short o f the True Ideal. Marriage is still too often only a bar­ gain, but at least it is no longer an en­ tirely one-sided bargain. It 13 tending toward tho only true idcul of lifelong companionship—a partnership on equal terms, with equal give and take on both sides, Women no longer feel hound to render .that .implicit obedience which was considered dc regneur in onr great­ grandmothers’ days, and men no longer universally demand it. Husbands, moreover, are beginning to learn that their prime duty Is not “to look after” their wives. The very sentence is in­ dicative of the most ghastly misappre­ hension of tho whole idea of matri­ mony. The general feeling of society condemns a man who lives to rule his wife on the same principles as a pasha rules his harem. And, indeed, the whole sclicmo of modern life makes it practically impossible for him to do so. A married woman, enjoys, as a rule, complete liberty during tlie livelong day, and even a t night it is frequently impossible for a busy man to escort his wife, Thus every thing turns on the relations between the married cou­ ple. If a girl Is really in love witll tho man she marries, she may be (rusted with any amount of subsequent free­ dom. If, not, not: and, therefore, we say, that tho Injudicious nnd worldly parents who are responsible for the great majority of ill-assorted uniotos, are also responsible for the many evil results which are to be seen in society a t this day. For it is a fact^hat scores of our girls Are as much forced into marriage as the French girl,whose hus­ band is selected while she is yet in h e r convent. Not by main force, no; but by the whole t<me of her education, by the exaggerated fear of being an old maid, by tlie oliviov.s necessity of making way for a younger sister, by the per­ sistent scheming of her parents, and by her own longing for emancipation—for marriage undoubtedly, does mean emancipation to most women; and it i« precisely those who look forward to it most who arc likely to make the worst use .of-it)—Chicago Inter Ocean. , A BENEFACTRESS.. WIint Mr«. E lizab eth I.o fe re n lia s .Vri-om. fo r Iftir Hex In Finland, Mrs. Elizabeth Lofgren is famous > abroad as the first organizer of women’s associations in Finland. ’Phis country in recent times has been spoken of at least in Europe, for the sake of tluvw- strietions put upon it liy the RusStln government. Mrs. Lofgren’s early la* hors to improve her sex were beset with great-difficulties, but-by and by she began to gather some other women around.her and in 1883'shestarted “The Finnish Women’s .union.” In Finland every association of .any-importance must have its constitution confirmed by tho imperial senate, but it often hap­ pens that the senate refuses to confirm it. and then the association lias'not tlx. right to exist publicly, . This evil fate (lid not, however, meet the Finnish Women’s union, thanks to tile wise pre­ caution of its firdt president, Mrs. Lof­ gren. Tlie union got its constitution confirmed and began 'immediately'its work. -Aside from this Mrs, Lofgren has done and is continually doing good work for the advancement and devel­ opment o f ' her sisters. Through her influence the first women printers were, employed in her husband’s large print­ ing. establishment. Since then there are women in almost all prin ting houses in Finland. She is also one of the founders of the first Finnish high schools with co-education leading to the university. She is a good •scholar in the Finnish language and lias trans­ lated a good deal from tlie French, English and Norwegian literature into Finnish.- Mrs. Lofgrcn’s disposition of " mind is deep and somewhat reserved. She is a woman of-rjeh experience, in­ ward .and outward, obtained through . an uncommonly rich life, travels in several countries and close acquaint­ ance with many of her prominent con­ temporaries in her own country and (Scandinavia. She lias two children, a soil and a daughter, and is devoted to their education.—Chicago News. » w W ine In Old ISottlc*: Bev. Dr.. Thwing said, in his recent baccalaureate sermon to the girls of the Women’s College of the Western Re­ serve nniVersityr “Tlie strength of a tiling lies not only in the strength of the separate parts, but also in tlie fit­ ness of these parts to each other. Tho old wine or the new may be good; the new bottle or the old may lie good; h u t ' wine and bottle must-be fitted each to the other. New to new and old to old. The new wine of the higher -education of women, thrust into tlie old and stiff bottles of feminine limitations, is sure to burst these vessels; . Tho new wine of the higher education of women, put into the new and .large, bottles of free­ dom and ability, is to give yet further enlargement to freedom, and a puro» richness and a richer purity to odur*J tioii." __ ■_______ - f * Florlcult uro Tor W omen. A lady living near New York city lias paid the rent of a large and exten­ sive place, entirely by her judicious management of tho liOt-houscs. Flori­ culture would seem to be an occupation specially adapted to women, and there is an immense demand for flowers, that is steadily growing ip the. vicinity of large cities. In some of the English colleges for women floriculture has been added to the curriculum. Why should It not ho here? - i n w o m e n ’ s W o r l d . Mbs. S am u ei . M a t h e r , of Cleveland, has given 875,000 to the woman’s college of Western Reserve University pt Cleve­ land. , Mns. A lice F af . ru . vs P alm er an­ nounces from the platform that there are to-day 40,000 girls in tho colleges of America, O ne writes of Mrs. Dcland, the au­ thor: “Every step she takes has in it quickness, and she greets yon with a rush that simply takes the stranger by storm.” M or e than 5,000 ladies in England are competing for the prizes offered for a design for the best cycling costume, the best shooting costume, the best golf cpstume, the best walking costume, the best tea gown and tlie best outdoor cloak. 4 A P o r tug u ese woman living In. Raynharp picked 1,(189-boxes of straw­ berries in fifteen days a t King farm. Her earnings for that time were 859.78. About half of the picking was done in five days, when tho berries were plenty. A b e a u t if u l bronze drinking foun* . tain was lately presented to tlie Ohio humane society, of Cincinnati, by Mrs. S. B. Sachs, Mrs. A. J. Seasongood and Miss Fochiner, of th a t city, who haves been prominent as public benefactors for several years. Miss A ntoinette K naoos , a college- educated young Woman of Ohio* owns and manages a farm of two hundred , acres. She carries on her work accord­ ing to the theories of books rather than by ancient traditions, and, contrary to the usual impression About book-farm­ ers, she is making a successof her novel undertaking. *• ,i TEMPI kst-iod si Anti a eld ■WffiJc BliM) To cater ■('There’s uJ It Isn't a | . Here waits From lipj "Twna tb s ( T hat soul "To bins wit] The lurio -“ You’d till| To boo bp 3 toll you tl I t ’s only I H e heard tl It’s only I And his Up) LJfcBut vrhq P HT b name < Had sturlj And forth fi He fled lij Away! till; And its fji Arc shut fri Tho slmdl Away 1 .till i O'er field) Away! in \ . And the » On the pns' This roeor T h at night ' Of a glori Aud.he sloe Ail guiltl! .A braver ai Than the -M . A % ML DRINKING F a c ts Uleahet The adyoe; have always drunkenness wine and hi there was Great Brital stronger drir to-day, as it icans who countries ar They come h no drunkeni Germany. I pie to nay fi in Paris and man. This, h of observatki business pan better port hi nian is rare teen years a- unusual thin but now an with Paris, less numberl the city. I poorer se.ctiol may Vie met day. I have having spent • am quite as | I am witli ■ ago in Paris brandy • nnl .were kept at .ers, who won at home, ai| drank only the case tlieil certainly mi 1 eople are d| wrandv; x'. ■ Pbmiper dri eatvng. It drunken mil times aces | streets atul| eafes. It i&l it is dill! ulif There- are Paris, and 1 to see thutl drinkers; 111 case with tl men. I n a f 1 am quite charged or and this af her sprees eliambernia French wd stealing wil man who uj discharge .11 tlie recent| family, whom I anl a good posf a number 1 of drink of my nwi eentlv hec:l their fami'.l fact that a I French til drunken ne| crease tmuf from my am also"f,n| all ehisse nbsintlic after al»u| most eve; is supposi'J titles, buff qttaiiUtip ,f 'toxieation! exists in sured by highest p.| mean* lo ‘J wrss in ini tent, niorl working dents seriil question of arguments! and beer while, if, is I much inorj and Great] tinefital e| -nia* be U 1