The Cedarville Herald, Volume 12, Numbers 27-52

pf WOMAN’S BEHALF. WOMEN LAWYERS. fftiuKV* ot Sm-rcw at tli« Bar Are J’rointelus foi* th* persevec- Wt' . Ga tl3<?30tl* of April last, at tho New Yorkuniversity, a “ women's law class" graduated. It was the first of its ugd inthe history of the world. The class, consisting of fourteen aiiabers, was made up of teachers. Illness women and ladies of society," Thecourse completed vyas in commer- a £ jaw. It had lasted eight months, «addhudbeen conducted by Dr. Emily /gtmpin It was a great success. ,The V|iffcelawyers who were present at the examination said they had ‘ never wit; jewed any thing better among young, jgen who were being “examined-sel- jgmany thing as good. This was not H4d in compliment, for they were seri- ousmen, and believed they were per­ forming a serious duty in criticising, advising and encouraging the women whohad entered on a, totally new co- reer. It is very pleasant to write this, as it proves that law, the last profession to admit women, is one for which they are exceptionally fitted, In law and equity there are a few broad principles and an infinity ° f detail. Now detail is Wopj- |n'sprovince. She has, moreover, the tact, the quickness of perception, the patience (she has had a long training), -Inti above all, the aplomb that goto make up a successful lawyer. There is - a broad field for women as lawyers, particularly for those ojf their own sex '. who are forced to have recourse to the / ’ tribunals of justice. ' A woman ,in dis­ tress, suffering from another's wrong­ doing, will often shrink from appealing i;<to the courts because she has to state • -hot case' to a man—to reveal secrets or to make charges from which her natur­ al delicuey recoils. With a woman she will be more free. She will state her case frankly, without artifice—it, would he useless between them—and Will re- wcalve equally frank and honest advice. ; Law is not a sort of black art, as to many it seems. Blackstone defines it ■ as the "perfection of reason," and while Awe may be tempted to smile in derision at the definition, in face of the astound­ ing decisions sometimes rendered by our judges, a little study will make it clear ’ - that It is not the law, but the lawyer, who is at fault. All that should be reformed,;1 *Tho, question, “ Can n lawyer be' honest?" - .should not be discussed seriously by the , .public press, as lias happened within a . few months. But women are not en­ tering the profession of law as men's critics, but as their helpers; There, never lias been any holy, reformatory or charitable work done by man which would not have beenbetter done had his mother, his wife or his daughter helped ' him. So- let it be with law. To the ordinary mind the name seems synony­ mous with mystery and harshness Let , women prove that the word means ab­ solute justice between man and man,* ' and that the harshness is only for the / deliberate evil-doer. !*• I do hot believe that law is necessar­ ily expiatory. I have immense faith in its reformatory power when used, not to crush, hut to elevate atjd save. Already the Kernpin club, tins organ- zation into whichtho Women graduates have formed themselves, has been in­ vited to join another society for practi- ' cal work. The new body will be known as the “ Bureau of Justice, P and its duty will be to visit the city courts of justice and look after the needsof those who have no one but God to consider them. They will listen to the cases, jjhd when necessary interfere in behalf of the poor and oppressed. In a great City like Now York thore is much of that kind of work for those willing to undertake it. No one means to do wrong to the helpless, but judges be- • come hardened, the defense is doubt­ ful, time is limited, there are so many cases on the calendar, and so the vic­ tim is sentenced as the quickest way of disposingo f him. The presence of women on-lookers in * court-room, of women too intelligent to be carried away by their sympathies, and too sympathetic to permit useless suffering, will indeed be a comfort and a hope, if not to the prisoner, at least to the wife and children, or to the aged mother, to whom the detention of the accused is sometimes literally a matter o i life or death. Of the members o f Dr. Kempin’sclass one-half,perhaps, w ill enter the regular lav/ school of the university next year, and study for admission to the bar. It is a great tiling for women that an­ other profession has been thrown open to them. Teaching, Women's great de­ pendence, has become-so crowded that success, pecuniary or otherwise, is quite out of the question. I'rlvate’teaehing can be hired at almost any price the student is willing to pay, while in pub­ lic-school teaching the individual is lost in the system. A dead 'level of medioc­ rity is required of all, and nothing else is tolerated. , In law, I amtold, Individuality eounts far every thing. It fs said to be the one exiling in Which nothing but ability Succeeds. This is probably something of an exaggeration, butit is pleasant to hear that brains and industryora really of some account* and that every thing does not depend on friends and politics. The study of law w ill never be take* up as a fad or .a pastime, ft » too heavy, too dlffidU t,fer that But the yortasrWorn** WtW Jeete-witidn harstif that she has tim neeimaty abQtiy ma< the neeeesaty partataranaawilldoWatt to consider it, I f ilia takes it up as a man does—as a life business—she will sueeoed. To many ladies I know the sound of “ woman lawyer" setups unfowinihe. They fear to lose the pretty, graceful ways, the accomplishments, and the ignorance that to some people uro so delightful'in the young girl. But the world has got. past the period when clinging, helpless women were, consid­ ered, charming, I t is doubtful if such woman ever seemed charming to her husband after marriage, And .now, for the1benefit-of tbpse who think there is something unfemin­ ine in the idea of a woman lawyer, let me give some details, pur class con­ sisted of fourteenmembers, and among those fourteen were all the womanly accomplishments of singing, playing, elocution and knowledge of modern languages.' Moreover, next to the ex­ amination, the question, “ How shall we dress for the stage?" was the one that engrossed' most attention. We first ^bought of wearing the block cap and gown, as does Dr. Kernpin, but the gentlemen of^lje university opposed that. Then some one proposed the mortar-board and red gowns,- but red was not becoming to all, so that was abandoned. ,The next proposition was to appear as- Portias, .and .costumers were visited and'prints studied do fiqd exactly how Ellen Terry dressed as the advocate’ of Antonio. But even Ellen Terry's example could not induce some of us to favor the dress. Finally, to the, relief of every one, white crepe tie chine was decided on. , A - Thus, to the very end o f the chapter, women w ill remain; women.—-Kate E. Logan, in Leslie’s Newspaper. A CHANGE OF OPINION. Th e O ld and Violent Prejudices Against 'Woman l*liy»tclnif» Itapl'dly Disappear- ! » « • , “ There lias been a remarkable change of public opinion,” said aChica­ go female physician recently, "in re- gardtofhe practice of medicine. .We used to be frowned upon by respecta­ bility, ridiculed by the papers, and scorned by the regular faculty, We were told that we had no right to in­ trude in the profession, that we were unfit for it, that we never could learn its mysteries, that tho law would be in­ voked against us, and that nobody would employ us. The medical schools for women 'were small and poorly equipped and . it was: hard to get the right kind of professors for them. \But we were not discouraged by- obstacles, andworked our way until the classes grew from half a dozen students to a dozen or .more. Things are changed now.* The -old and violent prejudices against us have disappeared. There must be over fifty regular practitioneers of our sox in the city and some of them have incomes of ten thousand a year. They are favored by many wealthy families and the result of their practice is the best test o f‘their merit. They are as well educated as their masculine rivals; many of whom, are ready to hold consultations with them. Look* at the Women's Medical college, just opened in New York, with its chemical, physio­ logical and histological laboratories and its body of professors. Ife course of study is three years, and it has near­ ly a hundred students, who have come from all .over the union. This, looks like progress, and I believe that in fifty years there will bo as many doctors of our sex asof the other.—Western Rural. An “Emernency Clipboard.” Tho Working Girls' club, in Boston, has started, among other good things, an "emergency cupboard,” which is stocked with jelly and other delicacies for the sick, and also contains a hot- water bag, a rubber sheet, bundles of old linen, etc., which are at the disposal' of any member of the .club, pr any needy person recommended by a mem­ ber, in time of illness. Friends out­ side have pledged themselves to keep it well stocked with supplies. ITEMS FOR WOMEN. O sb of the most valuable flocks of Sheep in the t'nited States is owned by a woman in Vermont, Mils, Er.r.KX M ooiie , of VVilliamsport, I*a.,"has been' an undertaker for forty years, and during that time has buried 0,088 persons. TjtB New York board of health ap­ pointed ’two women physicians onr the snmnter corps, who gave free medical advice to the mothers of sick children in the tenement-house district. Miss C ooper , the first lady who will practice medicine in Queensland, has qualified in Scotland, being’ L. It. C. P. and L. R. C. S. Endinbtirg. and L, G P. S. Glasgow, a rather formidable array of letters. Mns. v S i tro , the clever ypung married woman who recently completed a course in law at the New York uni­ versity, 4is turning her knowledge to practical account by teaching' legal lore to a large class o f women. F our women writers are said toshare in the honors awarded by the Institute of France this yeAr: Mile. Marcel, novelist; Mme. Jtiles Samson, educa­ tional writers Mile. Miran, poetess, and Mme. Garotte, biographical and historical essayist T his low waves paid women em­ ployed in the ofenneriy* in California is reeeiving the attention of labor and re­ form associations, and’ Measures to- ward o r g a n * « * he­ ft * taken- The average wages paid to women is from # i.l« tott.90 pet week, and for an orafeaar about 411 pm month... HOUSEHOLD BREVITIES*' —Whole cloves will exterminate the industrious and merciless moth. They; are more effectual as a destroying agent than either tobacco, camphor ot cedar shavings, —Equal parts of "cream-tartar and saltpeter make an excellent remedy tor rheumatism. Take one-half teaspoon­ ful of the mixture and divide it into three doses. Take one* of these doses three times a day. —Plate Doilies.—Where tea is served on a polished; table,without a table­ cloth, dainty plate doilies are placed under each plate. These are either hemstitched, fringed, or the ,design worked with the buttonhole sfiort-and- long stitch, so the design can be cut out on the edge.—Ladies' Home Journal , vJ —To palish patent-leather boots or shoes, mix a tablespoonful of fweot oil with ft teaspoonful o f turpentine, and rub it over, the leather with a bit of sponge, polishing afterwards with a bit of .soft rag- I f there are any .pracks in tho leather fill them up with common boot-blacking before you use the oil and turpentine, . —Candy,—Two cups white sugar, one-third cup good vinegar, enough water to moisten the .sugar, boil in an agate .Iron Oh porcelain pan (without stirring) over a quick fire. In fifteen minutes try in cold water. Before it hardens, flavor with nearly a teaspoon­ ful of vanilla or lemon. Pour on a but­ tered plate. Pull Do not stir at any tiihe.—Detroit Free Press. -r-Beef au Mirotou.—Cut some thin slices pf. cold beef and one large onion or two small ones into s II cob and fry them a nice brown in a quarter of a pound of butter, turn the pan around frequently to prevent the meat from burning. Then boll up half a pint of beef broth, seasoned with a little pep­ per and salt. Put it over the meat, and serve ns hot as possible.—Boston Her­ ald. —A simple method of stowing apples is to cut them into quarters and put them in a thick earthen pudding dish. To every, quart of apple quarters pour over a half cup of water and add a cup of sugar. Cover the pudding dish with a thick earthen plate, and set it in the oven tor One hour. At the end of this time the apples will be found clear and. transparent, thoroughly cooked and al­ most unbroken in form.—N. Y. Trib­ une. —People who are subject to catarrhal ailments have Special need to be par­ ticular in regard to their feet covering; they should see to it that their feet are always comfortably dad; their shoes should have substantial soles, and should come well up the. ankles, and not bo laced or buttoned tight Light merino stockings or half-hose may be sufficient for warmth, but whenever by reason o f, much exorcise the feet have becom. damp, and especially if the leather has absorbed we t it is wise for a change to he made in both stockings and shoes —Chocolate Custards.—A , delicious dessert is made as follows: Four cups milk, toiir eggs, one cup sugar, fear tablespooufuls grated chocolate* two teaspoonfuls vanilla Put the chocolate over tho fife in a double boiler with part of the'milk, and let it coolc until Bmoofii; add tho rest of the milk, and, when this is hot, pour it upon tlie'sugar mixed with the ■bouton yolks of ; the eggs. Return to tho stove, and cook until tho custard begins to thicken; when cool, pour into glasses or small eups, and heap on the top of each a meringiia made of the whites of the, eggs whipped stiff with a little pow­ dered sugar. Or it may bo served in a largo dish. An agreeable variation may be made by substituting for the chocolate half a cup of strong coffee.— Boston Budget, Tin Bummer Shoe. “ These loose-fitting russet leather, shoes that are now worn so generally insummertime cause us lots of trouble, '' said a shoe clerk In a big up-town store the other day. “ You see, the summer shoes are so much more roomy than the ordinary shoes that the foot broad­ ens, and then whoa our customers, es­ pecially those who wear tho summer shoes all tho season, come to get fitted with an ordinary shoo they wonder why we cannot fit them as easily as usual and why the size that .used to fit them pinches and cramps their feet. We have to give seme of our customers half a size larger, and those who like to have their feet look as smalt as pos­ sible protest that it is the fault of our stock, when it is o f course the fault o f their summer shoes. The low shoes that so many women wear in summer cause us more trouble even than tho men’s russet shoes. Those low shoes, or ties, wdtrf constantly develop the in­ steps, and then of course it is very hard to get a shoe as small as the one the customer was in tho habit, of wearing. Then Comes real trouble. I t is hard to break the news to a young anil pretty woman that her foot has grown larger daring thesummer, and It is still harder to get her to believe that tramping over mountains and sauntering on the Mar share in low shoes has given her a,big­ ger inAtep."“-N, Y. Times. JPrMcrlSed By the Authorities* Sympathlc ButNear-Sighted Lady (to tramp filling temporary engagementat *tone pile)—Poor maal Shat work Mama hard and you look dreadfully tired, Don't you ever take a vacation? Trampfpoundingaway drearily)—Pat On my vacation now* mum.—Chicagt Tribune. . TEMPERANCE NOTES. THE CURSE OF DRUNKENNESS. What Predispose* Boa to Ilacoiuo In- v > obylatfs. Chief among the'social condition* that predispose to inebriety is occupa­ tion. This may bo divided into two distinct classes—first, occupation that constantly presents temptation to In­ dulgence in drink; second, occupation that is so arduous or monotonous that it begets a craving for stimulants. To the first,-mass belong bartender# anti other# connectedwith the manufacture and sale of liquor. To, the second be­ long those who are exposed to the in­ clemency of this weather—cabmen, ex­ press. agents, etc.; arduous callings— workers in foundries,' bakers, etc., monotonous callings—soldiers, sailors, ranchmen,, etc. The want of occupation is a most po­ tent predisposing' cause. Painful or exciting illhess often forms the founda­ tion of the habit. Abuse of tobacco- may be considered a predisposing cause, as may any agent or influence that depresses the Bodily or mental, functions. Habits that/may drise from ajhousnnd and one daily elfeiuhstanCes lead persons into indulgences, small at first, bat, which are increased in almost geometrical progression. The out­ rageous adulteration of alcoholic bev - erages Is -not only a predisposing and exciting came, but the. essential oils and other deleterious drugs used for this, purpose act upon the ' brain and nervous system with such for/e as to Weaken the already weak intellect, and take from the physician the little help he might otherwise have from his’ patient in effecting, the cure. ■- Having roughly stated the predispos­ ing causes of habitual drunkenness, let us see wliat the effect of' the exciting cause is upon the human organism, and we will then be in a position to judge of the effect of treatment. The per­ sistent abuse of alcohol affects the human system iu u variety of ways. Changes of structure of various tissues result. Those changes, as has already been said, are o f adegenerative nature. They, arc insidious and progressive, sooner or later declaring themselves. The stomach is inflamed So that the peptic glands and their orifices are al­ most wholly destroyed. The functions of digestion are no longer properly per­ formed Ulcers frequently form in tho stomach tissues. ' The uppetito forfeod is at first irregular, then lost. Nunsea and vomiting are often symptoms. The various glands of the body are af­ fected; the liver especially so, for rea­ sons obvious to a physician. A t ' first this organ is congested and, enlarged. Inflammation may affect it in several ways, or its tissuo may undergo Tatty degeneration; or it may become con­ tracted, giving rise to an appearance on its surface called "hobnailed," also named "gin-drinker’s liver." , The larynx undergoes changes that, affect the quality of the voice. The rasping, harsh voice of the drunkard is well known. Chronic inflammation affects the bronchial tubes, often resulting in chronic inflammation of the lungs themselves (fibroid" phthisis). Fatty, degeneration of tliq entire muscular system occurs, npd in this the muscles of the heart are involved, giving rise to the well known “ fatty heart,” The blood vessels undergo a cluing*1 that renders them brittle ami liable to Hiptute. The blood'itself is affected. Degenerative changes occur in it that are little understood as yet by phy­ sicians. Suffice it to say that tho blood is rendered less-alkaline than normal­ ly, and that its fluidity is altered. It shows a tendency to exude through the walls of Its vessels. Tim seavengi rs of the blood, the phagocSlcs, are not so active or so easily produced in the blood of drunkards. The kidneyo arc affected like tho liter. Bright-believed to affect in roan “ the survival of tint fittest.” Weak moral natures arn thosemost liable to yield to its tempta­ tions, mid the inherited tastes of th* progeny of such are likely to speedily result in their destruction. The sins of the fathers are visited on the chil­ dren.—Dr. Cyfes Edson, in North American Review. BITS AND BREVITIES. C amvornia , has one place when liquor is retaiiod for every seventy-five ?of the population. I n Iowa physicians who are habitual drunkards are now deprived of their license to practice, and in Georgia any inebriate physicianhas to pay a heavy fine anjls.debarred from practice. I t ,is daily becoming more Impossible to ignore or be indifferent to thcmedio- al questions' concerning inebriety. Disease, injury and crime, tbc direct result of inebriety, are not satisfactori­ ly explained from any moral stand­ point. The public turn tomedical men, and they are unable to explain, except in some vague hjlf-vice and ‘half-dia*' ease theory,—Journal of Inebriety. ' - <T*fB highest court in Maryland de- ■ cides that the liquor law o t the" atata applies to the dispensation of drinks in a social club as fully as in a saloon, and consequently that clubs must obey the law or suffer its penalties. Thar supreme court of Massachusetts has held that the law docs not apply to clubs.unless they are mere tippling es­ tablishments run* under the name o f a club for the purpose of evading the statute. Rn. C abpenturk , of London, in arer' cent paper on sanitation, .says; “ The effect o f intoxicating spirits is herejl- tary and much of the shortening of life is due to this cause. . . . To all ndrvous and hysterical persons, stimu­ lants and narcotics are, even in small doses, absolute' poison. . . . ‘ Tho increase of hysteria and nervous-mala­ dies are the legacies from drinking an­ cestors, and thoso who have violated laws of health." • , A usiqiiK ordinance lias been intro­ duced into the Kansas City common ' council.- It requires.the purchase from the city of a license by alL drinkers of intoxicating liquors, the licenses to vary in cost from tweuty dollars to fifty dollars, according to the expen­ siveness of the liquor which the'pur­ chaser drinks. The ordinance further provides that cauh application for a drinker'# license shall be countersigned by the applicant's wife. T he inebriate is always followed, by a generation of descendants that have marked brain defects, lowered morality, vitality and longevity, with a sharp tendency to exhaustion and alcoholic excess. In the. next genera­ tion insanity, idiocy and epilespy ap­ pear—criminality and suicido are com­ mon. In the third generation, drink mania, paralysis, insanity, and crimin­ ality end the generation.1 Unless marriage, with a healthier stock fol­ lows, the race becomes extinct in tbs second or third generation.—Nortet. Ilisnor Joits F. H urst , in 'speaking - of tho Importation o f liquor by Chris­ tian nations into heathen countries, says: “ The Hindu’s faith teaches him to be a temperate man, and yet Chris­ tian England is doing all she' can to make a drunkard of him. The English grfverunient ot India owns all tho whisky stills of tho Country, and leases them for a year ut a time to the high/ est bidder, who are almost invariably Englishmen. The lessees of these stills make spirits out of palm juied, h’nd sell for four and one-half cents per quart bottle tho vilest whisky over drnnl: by man.” 7 t is appalling to find that the drink: bill of 18Dt) amounts to £18!),405,470—an increase of £7,080,104 over the 6iUA of him was frequently caused by overin diligence in drink. But by far the most important changes wrought by alcohol in the system are those of the brain. The cir­ culation of this organ is at first im- ' the previous year, all cbmtapn sense —and his views are generally accepted j and medical science notwithstanding. -T-tlmt the kidney disease named alter It is said to be equal to One-tWelfth of ‘ the estimated income of all perfcbns, to one-fifth of the national debt, and ta> be nighttimes more than the income of all the Christian churches; I t Is* not our business to moralize on tlUs ex­ penditure. To us it mean's so much.' paired. The blood vessels, large and ( cirrhosis, Bright’s disoote, gout, small, are dilated. Often the brittle , rhdOmatism, insanity, etc.; disabling condition of the arteries mentioned be-' employment, taking the pleasure out fore supervenes, anil m i : all hemor- of the life of families, and bread out of rhages into the brain Covering., are like- sthe mouths of children. The drink bill ly to take place. Usually the size o f . for In,t year is larger than for any year the braiu undergoes no change, * Some* \ bnt that o t 1878,when it Was more than times its consistency is greater. It is |one hundred and forty»tWo millions of more dense, harder. In. very advanced j pounds.—London Lancet cases areas of the brain soften. This is due to the advanced derangement of the blood vessels supplying the soft­ ened parts with nourishment, Other cha* ges take place in the brain that are not yet noticed. To these are duo the altered perceptive’ senses,. The special senses are affected in various ways. The general sensibility' is de­ stroyed. Nervous phenomena mani­ fest themselves. Insomnia is the rule. I t sleep is obtained it is dis-. turbed by distr* jsfng dreams. Loss 0 § muscular power may be so complete that palsy or paralysis occurs. Neu­ ralgias are common. Tho naturally weak w ill is still more enfeebled. The sense of shame is lost; this is specially the case in women. Memory fails. Acute attacks ot delirium, marked by hallucination anddelusion,are frequent. The final termination is death or in­ sanity- ’ The latter may take tit* ferm of melancholia, mania, chronic de­ lirium, dementia, or general paresis. The druhk&d easily Boccdmta to Sentedisease or to the resultsof bodily violence. Alcohol would, seem to be one of nature’s most powerful agent* Italued by Hunt. One of the best Greek scholars in New York is a guard oa the Sixth stvenne elevated road. Not long ago a famous professor in one of our leading universities published a volume on cer­ tain features of the ancient Greek dialect:,, <)t interest only to scholars. The L guard referred to above wrote to a New York newspaper, pointing out several errors made by the profes­ sor. He signed himself “ Sixfbf&ventt* Elevated Guard, No. — —,v ' For a. month, Says a writer, X watched the badges of the guards on that road as t made my daily trips back and forth. .One morning I was rewarded by find­ ing the learned man X sought, “ How does it happen," 1 asked, showing him my card, “ that yon, a Greek scholar of first rank, should tie doing such work as this?” Ila looked at fee sadly and his fed face grew tiers flashed than usual. “ I was the best Hellenist of my year’at Dublin,” he said. VMy Gfeek la still tihat it bsed to hepbut Mgr Career hasbeanruined by^ruteJV-low* State Hegiater. „„ / r '