The Cedarville Herald, Volume 13, Numbers 1-21

The CeclaryilleHerald. W. H, BLAIR, PuMWser. * CEDARVILLE. s : * OHia A THRIFTY COLONY. Th* History of isBolieiubn SeMIsttUfBt pri .l*ony Island* It is perhaps* needless to remind the reader th a t there” are some four hundred and -forty-seven thousand acres of waste lands in Suffolk county. Long Island. They are now covered with stunted pines, scrub-oak and un­ derbrush. If tillable, these barren acres are advantageously situated for the experiment of colonization. The ' question as to their, possible fertility has been answered both ways; and it is rapidly appearing1, if no t already demonstrated, th a t those. who denied - their productiveness under proper cul­ tivation have been in error. Years ago Gov. John A. D.ix called the attention of the New York State Agricultural society to these land* He said: “A most extraordinary delusion has pre­ vailed in regard to the productiveness of the central portion of thi^dlstrict (Long Island}—a delusion natural enough to those who know ' it Only by description, for one of the historians of the island pronounced it a ‘vast, barren , plain,' with a soil *so thin and gravelly * th a t it cannot be cultivated, by any known process.’ And yet the surface soil of the'Whole region; with some in­ considerable exceptions, consists of a rich loam from twenty to thirty incites in depth, easily cultivated and made highly productive without immoderate - manuring.” . Since Gov. Dix wrote, many success­ ful experiments in cultivation of these lands have confirmed his judgment. Norte of these can have more interest for the sociologist than that of the Bohemian colony, situated midway between Ronkonkoma and Sayvillc, in what is now a fertile garden spot that bursts* unexpectedly on the view—an oasis in a dense and dreary wilderness o f dwarfed oaks and prolific under- bruslu ’This community was formed a score of years ago under circumstances' the most unpromising. Near the pict- . uresque little lake called Ronkonkoma, so deep tha t local legend pronounces it unfathomable, and whose outlet has never been discovered, lies Lakeland, a hUBerto wild track of scrub and furze, on which i t was proposed to establish a colony. Among those who were in­ duced to purchase land there, itt the days when romantically worded adver- - tisoments described it as an Eden, were three Bohemian families who had ar­ rived in this country bu t a short time before. The heads of these families were John Kortachvll, Joshua Wavra ' tutd Joseph:Houla. Thar were honest, Srt-cdulous fo lk unfamiliar yrHjfc' the . wileaof .the “b^oiner.” ttte|r ipur- obiwed thcir land Unseen, oub is repre­ sentations. Tint when, in-,,theb a a in g 'autumn, thiny add thei* wives and little ’ones beheld Lakeland, its only .har­ v e s t frost-tinted, Sun-dried, crinkling >;le*r«s,' their hopes sickened, and '.they',; woffid bare returned to Now York :iic they could. But they were 'w fttou t mehrts to .support thenuelvcs dn tbe city. Hcnce,“indifferent where ■ it-m ig h t he fdhnd, tody sought more 'nrbpilsiaff territory toward, too south, arid'after Wanderinga distaueobf three mlleit they knelt in the woods to im* plord divine direction. By common constat they Were 'moved to choose - the spot where they thus knelt as the cfenterofthair settlement. The mein plodded back to Lakeland, and thence laboriously- brought their personal •fleets, the more important of which were a canvas tent and a cooking stove. IThen shelter was thus secured, sod ah Attempt made to kindle a fire, it wsssor* rdwfUlly discovered that there was not a juftch in the colony; and all Bo­ hemia laughs to this day when the story is told of John Kertochvil seizing his musket and firing the charge into the grain; thus providentially kindling the fire While running the risk of blow­ ing the precious stove to pieces. The men found work on the Great South hay near by, or on the farms of the southside gentry; and before long each family dwelt in its private hut, and men and women unitedly labored to clear tho land and prepare it for a c rop The narrative of iliexr strug­ gle Would befponotoilous. Enough th a t it was successful. Gradually their numbers were reinforced by other fam­ ilies of their countrymen, un tit there are now fifty-two houses and two hun­ dred and fifty setuers in the colony. P re tir little dwellings they are, too, Surrounded by trim gardens and patches Of land yielding crops of corn, potatoes, Slid other vegetables ns bountiful aS can be found Sriywhere.. The area 6f Boliemiftvlllo is thirteen hundred acres, three hundred of which are Under culti­ vation. A Commodious School building and a public liall evidence the progres­ sive spirit of the villagers, some of whom are Old Catholics and others Hussites. Roto teets have neat chapels, the Hussite element espousing the forma of episcopacy under the .superin­ te n d e n t of Rev. John B. Prtteott, rector of fit Ann’s Episcopal church, fiayville. Although English is alone taught in their schools, they cling to the Costofos of fatherland. White all ardently cherish the memory of John Hus*, a statue of whom they are about to erect in to* Muter of the villave.— Marpari* Weekly*. .;... ■ hard rube of the world are W ir t w i k t i men brlffht,—Atchieou TEMPERANCE NOTES. GROGSHOP PETS AND PATRONS B ru tes W hich F ar* B e tte r T han goose Human Beings. When some one called my attentioa to the saloonkeeper, and wanted me to note his pets, Xfelt that there must be a streak of goodness in him some­ where. But when out of his door there trotted two enormous, surly, scarred and ugly white bulldogs, then I, felt tha t he was not only a sinner against man but against man’s best friend. . A bulldog is a libel on *his race. He bearstifio same relation to th e best of bis kind that John Sullivan does to George Washington. 'Re exaggerates the brutal quality of courage, and sinks its moral excellence, out of sight. The best use you can put a bulldog to. is to hang him, ‘ Hut what do you suppose the saloon­ keeper did* while I, frbm across the city street, was watching him? He rune, the telephone and called up a hack} and then, paying the driver hia fee in advance, opened the carriage door and motioned his two curs into tho vehicle. A b ' for tho two things, upon which such affection as .he was capable of was centered, he was send­ ing them up to a restaurant to b reak fast! Each one solemnly took a'seat .upon the cushions, one before and. one behind; and, as the rum seller closed the door w ith a proud smile, the car­ riage rolled away and the two dogs de­ parted grandly to get the,ir .morning meal. Well, he would have been a dull fel­ low who had no t gone his way think­ ing. Surely here one had found an il­ lustration of eternal fitness. The liqnor sellers down there in New York have lately had a banquet and a fight. Their principal speakers f e l l ' fonl of one another a t the very festal board. Now, I propose to these, gentlemen that they adopt the bulldog ns a badge. Let them bang, .him on their chains-—and most of them sport heavy ones. Let his protruding teeth glitter on the, ^tcarfs they wear. And when they march in boastful procession let their banner blazon their affection; let them march behind the emblom Of two bulldogs riding in a coach to break­ fast Old Egypt found itsdivinity in (he beast of the stall, but this vast or­ ganized empire within each modern nation enshrines as Us chief idol the one brute whose supreme passion is to slay, to rend artd to devour. As I passed on deeply pondering I asked,myself who it was that was sup­ plying the cash for their high mighti­ nesses, the white .bulldogs riding away for th e ir .morning m eat L had Been ihe-saloonkeeper’s pets, and now I was curious to see his patrons. Bo 1 turned and passed again by hia door, just in time to see two poor fellows reel o u t Workmen, evidently, one block and the other whiter bo th . maudlin. Wild and uncertain in their gesticulations, 1 heard enough to know th a t they were boasting to one another of their more or less Imaginary exploits. Poor fel­ lows, I thought how much better it was to be a rum seller's pet than his patron, his dog than his dependent. Little did theso’brilggarts realize tha t they were being impoverished to pam­ per brutes. Little did these boastful foolp know tha t they were Walking to pay the fare of the curs going away in the carriage, with their mtttelCs up to the piate?glass windows. And while 1 thought upon it, whom should 1 see b u t the acquaintance whose invalid wife was even now slaving in tho kitchen, too poor to afford tho luxury of help. His dimes went this morning to pay the carriage hire of brutes. What ought to have given his wife an outing to-day carried two worthless and over­ fed beasts for an airing. And nex t came the trusted clerk in one of the great financial corporations of the city, who sneaked around the corner and dodged behind the screened door, without knowing tha t a watchful eye was upon him. What wonder if a cloud fell upon my brow, as I thought of the sweet girl who so lately gave her happiness and her honor into his hands a t the altar, I knew what careful economics she was practicing in order, if God wills, that they may own “a home” of their oWn, Yon could not tempt her to telephone a car­ riage to-day, for she counts grudgingly the car checks In her pocketbook. lin t what should have brought some lifting of her burdens goes to give a pleasure ride to these <four-footed gladiators. Let the young bride slave, let the Weak wife bend low her back in, tqjl; the patrons of the saloonkeeper will pay for the rides of the saloonkeeper^ pets. If there is a? vice which takes the manhood out of its victims, i f . ever a fcinwhich degrades its subjects, surely this is i t We could scarce forgive it. If i t robbed the babe to feed the kitten, o r starved the child to fatten the lamb­ kin; bu t even when It adopts a pet it must be one as brutal as its own in­ stincts. Now for a score of years I have gone tn and out among the homes of the peo­ ple, and, like every other servant of the Word, 1have seen much Of the worts and sorrows of, thrt drunkard’s home, 1 have seen no t a’little of the brutality of the traffic In strong drink, but never did I see more sharply the contrast be­ tween the saloonkeeper’s pets and his patrons than to-day when 1 chanced Upon his bulldogs riding off in state, and saw a t the same time the rest of young wives and the shoes of little children going Into the till to pay car­ riage hire for two ugly visaged, battle scarred, ill tempered brute*.—Rev. H. v Jenkins, in Watchm*** DRINKING Ar DINNER. .} A Custom That la S m lag JU Hold TfOt tho JPeenhh I t is an undoubted fact tha t th t serving of many and heavy wines at large diapers is gradually becoming a thing of the past. Of course, 1 do not toean th a t wines are no longer served, to r they are, and will continue to be, so long a s ' civilized men consider them a feature of dinners. But I do mean tha t of the varieties of wine there are fewer, the quantities less, and of the qualities lighter than was the custom ten years ago. To illustrate the two former facts; le t me say that were I preparing for a large dinner for men—which is always from the nature of things more heavily, wined than an ordinary ,mixed dinnei —I should not think it in the least de-' gree necessary to order anything like the same amount or assortment of wines tha t would have been imperative a few.years ago. And in extenuation of tbe statement that the qualities ,of the wines served are becoming lighter, the simple fact that a t the average English dinner table port wine hoi been almost entirely" superceded by claret may be cited. I t is also becom­ ing a very ordinary thing a t Eqglish dinners to meet prominent inert who do no tdriuk wines of any kind, and 1' our own country th is % also becoming more, and more a fact.,' Of course, a dinner must have flnidr .the,bast of. solids require some liquid* with which to relish them, and a din ,ner would be hut wasted nfeergy and material without^bcm. ,sBut I think it is no longer imperative to srti're wines, or a t least we can. serve with them some other beverage which wiil be ol equal .pleasure to the constantly in­ creasing set of people, who find th a t wining and dining together is rather toe heavy a combination for theircomfort. IVhat shall this other beverage' bet The question is one easily answered. Mineral w ater is a good choice;'and many people rise from dinner tables where these waters are served nowa­ days to call their hosts blessed.; Min- . oral waters when drunk with a heavy dinner are not productive of headaches and kindred discomforts upon the fol­ lowing day .as is champagne, for in­ stance, and they fam ish a-rcslly satis­ factory, and so fa r as I know the only available substitute fo r nlcofiolic bev­ erages. Tho dinner w ill taste the bet­ ter for their use. The practice o#serv­ ing mineral waters, is becoming quite general; as much attentioa being de­ voted now to the selection of suitable waters, and to securing a sufficient sup­ ply of them for dinners, as is often de­ voted to the wine list. I Personally, l welcome the change. Although I, have giyett a great many dinners, and have .Jbqpa a. guest at manymore, I never drink wine. I have also all my life madrt it.a ppint of duty never to offer .ivlnejto young people, and tb use such influence as l may have with them to secure their abstinence from liqqors of, nil kinds. ,. Stimulants rarely tio good, andarCrifteU provoca­ tive o f much bArni.->.Ev*rypn*, 1 know, does not fee!; in”tbis matter dsrldo, and, of course,, every man is entitled to hi* oVrti ofliploni; • Biili a s I said, oer- sopally I f^^ lfid .^ .iil* 'cliliB i^v^ iob ' leased* wine drinking and provides en­ joyable substitutes in toavo rlou t min« oral waters; ti& best h r a ll l oonalder Aj»bllte!i|i^*Mjlrti(»go'W. Childs, In La* JoUitoaL'.. ' FACTS AND FINDINGS.' T ttoiE& reten thousand teetotalers in the railway scrvjeetif Groat Britain, and twelve thousand among the **Uors in the naval service.,;' lx tb* Hawaiian islands there *to about fifty native temperance societies, with a membership of over two thou­ sand. Their pledge includes opium and aw* as well as alcohoL Awa is an in­ toxicant manufactured by the natives, and said to be more disastrous i n i t i effects upon the human system than even the imported liqnors. T he supreme conrt of Maryland, in a recent decision, holds toat'tbe liquor law of to a t state applies to the dispens­ ing of drinks in a social club room as really and fully as it does to an ordi­ nary saloon, and hence that clubs must conform to the requirements and re­ strictions of the law, o r take the con­ sequences In the way of penalty. 1 h av e always heard th a t the salootas could not be kept if i t was not tor the boys, and when boys get to going Into the saloon they neglect thoir studies and learn to drink, gamble, chew to­ bacco and use very wicked latigusgd. Then they get to fighting and some­ times commit murder. My idea of a saloon is th a t it is a very wicked place, filled with terror, and crimes come from them. Tlietr keepers grow rich with poor men’s money, artd the little children who have drunken fathers have to go partly clothed and nearly starved, and this is why Xhate the sa­ loon—Minnie E. Bantorth, M r . W. 8 . C a ixe , M. P., of England, has returned frbm hi* tour through India impressed With tho temperance zeal th a t is aflame throughout the southern p a rt of that country.. A pow­ erful propaganda of total abstinence principle* has beeh set on foot, the chief apostle being a Hindu ascetic who lias exchanged religious'contem­ plation for the more useful work, and promises In hi* way to be a* successful in effecting conversions to temperance a* Xavier ww in promoting Chris­ tianity in India. In all direction* guilds and oast** ate exacting the total abstinence pledg* from their members. The movement has brought together adherent* of opposing religions, and everything prove* the remarkableprog­ ress already mad*. THE BATTLE FIELD. SHERIDAN AT FIVE FORKS. A T hrU Jla* IM irrlp U w a t O h * o f to * Hot-, te s t B attle* of tli* W ar. Five Fork* was Sheridan’s last fight, and was the. culmination of m series of the most brilliant personal exploits that the record of (he, civil war bear* upon it pages. When asked on one occasion if he never felt fear, Sheridan replied: “ Ye*; I never went into battle without feel­ ing afraid, bu t I soon got too busy to think’of i t ” I t was this power of sub­ ordinating his emotiops to his deter­ mination to succeed—his hull-dog te­ nacity of purpose, that made .him (be hero he was, and gave him rank 'with the greatest warriors of the world. When once in a fight, he was to win, and nothing gave him greater satisfac­ tion than to .receive. the flags of his enemy, and send prisoners to the,rear tunder charge of the provost guard. At Five Forks he was in his element,, and no more thrillingly interesting or picturesque incident occurred during ,the four years q t the war than, the capture of the enemy’s .works a t this, .point.. " , , Lee. in, preparing to leave his im­ pregnable lines before Petersburg, hqd ordered, a series of field works; con­ structed a t F ive.Forks, where,' a junp- tjioii of Boyeral. Foad*. offered a way around his left %nk^and to bis rear- i t was^n. insportaut strategic position," yecoguizcid ' as such equally by both; .armies, and-its capture, by .the uUion army mcapt retreat ana -disaster to the confederate*. • I t was, in d e e d ,’the la st ditch." a term oft used .by the southern people during the, wap. to signify tb<eii .Intention to hold put to the last- fiheri- 'dam-fully alive to the.importance o f position, had asked for... more troops; Grant had sent him (ho Fifth corps, and bis plan of battle was soon arraigned.,' j. The.enemy’s works were parallel.to the White Oak road and .extended tor a mile-and three-quarters, in a somewhat irregular line, with a re-entering angle on the left-jfiank, A part of toe infantry force. was to awing around and strike, toe confeder­ ates in the rear, while the remainder were to attack and encircle the angle. The cavalry were deployed in front to. attract the attention of the enemy, and when they heard the firing of the infantry were to charge the works and capture the guns. At four o’clock the formation was complete, and Sheridan, who had been chaffing like n wounded tiger, gave the order to “go in," The fighting of the two previous dayahad gradually forced the confederates back into their in- trenchmcnts, where it was Sheridan’s intention to “gobble” them. Not dreaming pf the force in their rear, the gray line fought with irresistible etrar- age and stubbornness. A continuous *nd deadly fire pouted over their breastworks, cutting down the advaucr ing line of .union, troops who charged *nd .were driven back; rallied mod were again forced to retreat by the withering fusillade of musketry and artillery, until these veterans of "the Fifth corps paused almost in dismaya t the task before them. a Sheridan WO* ubiqqitpus, Mptuifed on Ricnti, hi# powerful black horse which-had borne him (Twenty miles «W*y" from Winohester, he .rod* in front of Ala. wavering lin e s the bullets pattering around him like raindrop* in •.heavy shower, cheering his men to another attempt. His officers fall on every side, his horse plunges msdly na* der the awful strain, he entreats, he scolds he swears » “Whsre is my battle-flag?” he de­ mands a* the orderly rkles.np and de­ liver* to* starry, enmson and white banner, he is shot and fall* from his home, which gallops fiercely idoug the* linn Sheridan seizes tbe flag - and dashes madly along the front of his veterans exhorting, expostulating, en­ treating and curling, the very personi­ fication of the spirit of war. I t must bo a mean-spirited coward who could re­ sist his appeals, They rally shoulder to shoulder, silign their front, and once more sta rt ont to r those formid­ able breastworks. Meantime the enemy had discovered the blue line of Ayres’, Crawford’s and Griffin’s troops Which w en closing in upon them like a bate door, shutting in every rthanca of escape, and when the Union troops poured in their murder­ ous volleys they threw down their arms in token of surrender, bu t when they discovered tha t they were net out­ numbered, they rallied a t the command pf their officers resumed their guns and then began a teeno of the wildcat- confusion, and the severest hand-to- hand fighting th a t the war had ever witnessed. Mingled inextricably, the opposing forces fought yritb a deeper*- tibn unequalled on dny field. Men th rust each other through with the bay­ onet, o r dashed out cXch other’s brains with the butts of their muskets, curses and yells rang ou t oh every tide, mingled With the dying, Which, with tins sounds of th e firing formed a Babel of noises fa r beyohd the power of description. The Cavalry (dis­ mounted) dashes over the breast­ work and seising the artillery turn* the gun* against tha huddled. and disorganised ranks of the foe. Sheri­ dan, dashing In fron t o f hi* line, ex­ claim* “Smash ’em, hoy*, smash ’♦ml” and plaerng himself a t the head o f a body o f mounted cavalry, rushes straight for ;tha hngte of tW works, A*. h*; reached ‘the teg^tonsteWited de- !«**♦*— breast high—h# lifts ftteari with to* sorb, giving hint loth apir* at the same moment, and the noble ani­ mal carries hia brave little rider safe over, landing him in the midst of one thousand five hundred “Johnnies" who had thrown down their arms and,were cowaring under the shelter of their parapet Elated a t the prospect before bim, his rage turns to humor, and, in answer to their demand, “Where,doyou tins want we nns to go?” he exclaimed “Get right over there, to the rearl We want every mother’s son of you fel­ lows. ' Drop your guns, you'll have no further use fpr them. You’ll be safe, now we’ve got you.” Fifteen hundred then were captured a t the angle, and five thousand in toe whole line of works, Thus were Lee’s forces being, rapidly depleted, and the prospect of the coming of that peace a ll so much desired, brightening.— Buffalo. Express- THE SIGNAL SYSTEM. rn te r« Communication bjr Flags aa<i Torches O aring the Civil War. The a rt of inter-communication by means o f . semaphores and fiashrlights, so often resorted to by military com­ manders either to make- toeir own movements known to toeir allies, or to discover to supporting columns the ex-, act movements of (he enemy—in fact tor many ' different 'uses—is even in these'piping times ?of peace art exceed­ ingly interesting one. During toe great civil war (hu t a rt was brought to a greater degree of perfection in the fed­ eral and confederate armies than it had ever been before, but-the stupendous and aU-abshrbmg question .of the hour prevented anything like an adequate, appreciation o f its ,beauties i Ferhaps it is not generally, known, that the fitik signals ever msed in the field were during the’ late war, and on to e Success o f our system of Hag-wav­ ing and torch-flashing a t night, are based the systems now used by the ar­ mies of the entire world. The United States army was also the pioneer in the use of electric telegraph on the battle- fleld. I t was seen with McClellan on the Peninsula, but a t Fredericksburg, Gen. Burnside brought it into use for the first time during actual fighting. One of the most characteristic signal messages of the entire war came to Gen. Sherman- on the afternoon of Oc­ tober 0. 1SG4. Sherman had signaled to Brig.-Gen. Corse in Altoona, Ga. : “Hold the fo rt” After many hours of waiting the flag waved back the following message: “I am short a cheek hone and an ear, but am able to whip all hell y e t My losses are very heavy. A force moving from StileshOro to Kingston gives me some anxiety. Tell me where. Sherman is.” ■• 1 /• : . One of the most famous messages of the war w^s partly signaled, I t was Gen. Sherman’s to Lincoln, reading: “To Ilfs Excellency, President' Lin- colrt, \Vttshlngtott,,D. C,: I beg to pre­ sent ybu’as a ChrUtmas' gift the city of Savannah, with 150 -heavy guns and plenty of' ammunition, ^ Also,' 25,000 ' ' ,• ^ ' Tke'messagnwas wired to toe admi­ ral of the fleet, who; signaled it,.foe- ward. ,.1; 'W-J ,. J t is hlstoryf Ithat duripgHhe earlier iampaigfls of 'the ' Shenandoah. Vqlley; tho scicurt o( Brbnson HpwardTs play, tfle flank movement of L ee ’s ^griahd ar­ my for the first-.Invasion,of .Marylan.4 Was 'detected and. rccognized^from s signal fetatfonl I t is also on repqrd toat hight sfguats hy tqrch,' precisely liky those fehown from the Three Top Moun­ tain, prevented fa r greater disasters to otir army a t GhanCellonyille than thos» wbfch'actiiaHy befell i t When .too troops were falling hack, by flight,”up­ on the river, the pontoons of the right wing of tha army were swept away. By toe flash pf torches messages were sent across the swollen stream to: “Hold'the army In Ua lines instead of crowding it, with danger of a panic upon the bank* of tha river,” The first intimation of the Union ar­ my of the death of Gen. Polk was ob­ tained by officers deciphering the code of signals used with flags between toe several confederate corps—Chicago JournaL ................. STRAY SCRAPS. •D exter W ardex has one of the most interesting as well a* unique relics of the war we have seen for a long time. I t Is made from the stone from the walls of the Alton (UL) penitentiary by Mr. John Warden, who wa* a pris­ oner there during the War. Tite pipe itself is of artistic workmanship; Snd is decorated with tha Missouri coat of arm*, a cannon, confederate flag and other devices, besides names and dates which lend additional value to this queer war relic. -Mr. Warden intends presenting the pipe to the Southern Historical society of Missouri. H ot the least remarkable thing in the truly remarkable career of’ Gen. Ulytses 8- Grant is tost, in addition to being one of tha greatest generals of hia era, ha should, in his declining years—indeed; in his dying days, to speak more definitely— hSv* becotrto tha most successful author of that epoch. Ilia family have been paid tho enormoo* otta* of 94tt,toc,to for too* bookhe then wrote. Betor* Gan,Grant took up hia fma to write hia Memoir* it seemed almost as unlikely that he would gain this distinction in author-. ship a* it had seemed heforUtha rebel­ lionthat ho would beoome to* most cel- ahteted geuaral of hte tint* aad too pratfcfcut of tho United fitatea Hisea- roar-was a marvel,. m i It daflad Intel!i* friut pradlettoa tHth regard to tha a tea ts to t/, ahatuatirtaid it,