The Cedarville Herald, Volume 30, Numbers 27-52

Mam t i« i 4 W c Boi and pro . . attei *31 j NEW Y} “ T Tho e!> vonlont mail. | Loans Person. BHakinj: I s .rw . & l am . n O ftwXwM laws manyremodl# -F&vojrlteHeft Dr.rD. JPrcimrci j at Ch< "28 X E. luSM ist- - .anifl ■ Iblood’ stcki lt! . *** IE2S J>1WA ,**|qi*M pj»p«S mi t ' A j f \ i JUSTIOEJN TAXATION Representative of Labor Discusses Taxation Question. lames A. Robinson of the Ohio federation of Labor Makes . TimelySuggestions. James A, Robinson of Canton. Ohio, first vice president of OTe Ohio Fed­ eration of Labor, read, a paper on “Taxation in the State of Ohio,’' be­ fore tkp State Tax Commission at the meeting of April 8. Mr, RoblnBon said It Is a common assumption of many people that la­ bor does not bear its .share of the burdens of state, but he did not care to discuss the question from that point of view alone, but rather as a question of Justice between all classes. “Under the present system of ap­ praising real property," continued Mr. Robinson, “the small home is valued higher than the building site and com­ mercial property in the center of the city. This is due to two causes. First, the assessor is able to tell pret­ ty accurately the value of a house and lot or a farm, whose value is from one to three thousand dollars. Second. Under the plan o£* val­ uing real property every ten years the small home owner's prop* ‘erty Is liept on the tax duplicate at its full or more than Us full value (for It does not change very much) while the valuable building sites, worth more per front foot than the entire value of the small home, will double, oft-times treble In value before the ’ next assessment Is m'ade. ■ “To. the extent, that the .laboring man is a home owner therefore he Is more heavily burdened than any oth­ er class and to the extent that the ; taxes paid by the owner are shifted to him as a tenant he_Is equally heavily burdened.' "A correction of these inequalities seems to me to be an easy achieve­ ment. It can be accomplished by the more frequent valuation of real prop prty and by some means for giving publicity to the valuations as they are fixed by the assessors," Prifmote Labor. “Just as the valuable sites in the cities are undervalued,, so the mines, the oil and the gas wells, and the valuable mineral rights of the state •which mount up Into the hundreds of million of dollars are assessed . In many Instances at their value as farms. They are capitalised by their owners at many, times their fanri figure. Now it is to the advantage of those who consume coal, and' oil and gas and other minerals that they be as cheap as possible rather than os dear. It is to the advantage of all classes that these valuable resources’', that cost the owners hut little, if any more, . than farm values, should he used and not monopolized. I t . Is to the ad­ vantage of all those who labor that these resources should be worked rather than held out of use, foV this will increase the demand for iahor and consequently the well being o f alt classes. It should he the object of the state to encourage enterprise and in­ dustry and cheapen the price of these raw materials. By what means can the state, without dealing an Injustice ..to any one, promote this end? It would seem to me that' a law should he pass- ’ ed by which all of-the mining, oil, gas and every other mineral property In the state would he valued by a state hoard a t the capita’(zed value that the owner placed ii-on It himself. , ; Tax Things State Gives Away, There Is still another reason why these classes of property should bo assessed at th eir full value. If any class Is to he discriminated against It should be those Who- own this particular kind of prop­ erty, And for this reasons When we tax it man’s home, his farm, his tools, Ills machinery, the things he, has In Ills house, we tax wnat has cost him labor. They represent Ills own effort and Ills savings. Now when we come to the franchises of the’city corporations, to the rights of the many transportation com­ panies In the state, to the mines and the resources, there Is another value th at does not come from any man’s labor. Now, I understand -.that these values, which for lack of some better name may be called franchise values, are worth In Ohio hundreds of millions of dollars. But they pay no tax whatever. There Is lid way to tax them. A,1 of the taxes of the counties and the cities are collected from the things that labor creates. Ought not the things th a t the slate Itself, that all of us Create and that have cost the own­ ers nothing, be taxed a t least as heavily ns the things th a t the Individual himself produces? If this were done would It not reduce the taxes of the ordinary man by from 25 to GO per cent .more? Promote Ownership of Homes, I t ts but a few days since we took pride In the fact th at th e American people were a people th at owned their homes. We all admit th at the well-being of the- people Is largely dependent on th e sort of homes they live In, Ought not the state to do everything It can to tnnke the owner­ ship of homes easy and natural? It seems to me th at this would be helped very greatly If the cities had the right to exempt houses and Improvements from M u tto n . Possibly If not altogeth­ er, a t least up to *2,005, Give Counties tdore Control. In conclusion, It seems to me the cities ■and the counties ought- to have more' power In the flesllng with taxation. The conditions In cities are very different from the conditions In the country dis­ trict. City land Changes in value dally. There a thousand forma o f . Invisible Wealth abound th a t the country does not have. If It were possible to permit each county to make Its own rules and plans for taxation of these things It seems to me Wo wou’d make greater progress than In any other way, Initiative and Referendum# And, believing in the Initiative and ref­ erendum ns I do, K seems to me that some means should be- dcvlsCd so that the electors Of every county would be Able by petition and election to bring the m atter of taxation homo to the people end let them work out their own Ideas in this'WiT- Manners Mean Much# Manners bring together or separate men by a force more Invincible than that of opinions, X would almost say than by that of sentiment.—*Atadamo Ue Stitel. rThe tax commission of Missouri, in lino with other progressiva taxation or­ ganisations recommends an. amend­ ment to tho constitution that will per­ mit of the classification of property for taxation and will give local option In taxation. Tho report follows: Wo have been greatly aasicted by tho report of tho commission appoint­ ed under the Act Of April' 17, 1901, Wo concur Jn the conclusion of that eommjsison, that no change ean ho made In our revenue system correct­ ing the existing^Inequailtiesj without amending the constitution of the cash value taken as a basis of the assessed value. Some counties value real estate, so far as our reports show, as low as .30 per cent of its selling price, while others have a 90 per cent basis. Some assess real estate at 83 Va per cent, and tangible personal prop­ erty at 50 per cent. The commission concluded that there was an absolute want of equality in taxation Jn the state. “This inequality can not be reme­ died by the State Board of Equaliza­ tion, for the ol/ious reason that the high rate of assessment in certain counties, Including the city of St. Louis, Is enforced by the pressing de­ mand for revenue for local require­ ments, Th.e board can pot raise .the assessments* of the counties which make a low valuation, as that would be imposing an unnecessary burden upon those communities, and on the other hand, it Can not reduce the as­ sessment of those counties which make a-s high valuation without de­ priving them of the means required for their own pressing public wants. ,rWe see no remedy for this existing inequality and resulting injustice, .ex­ cept in the separation of the sources of state and local revenue, We re­ gard this separation of state and local revenues as a basis of any fundamen­ tal reform of the taxing system of Missouri. “Under the plan proposed, the state would retain-all Its inherent powers of taxation^ except as to the general property tax upon real -and personal property) which would be assessed- and .collected ■by the counties and cities for local purposes. The differ­ ent forms ip which this general txing power of the state may be exercised are well known. The state now levies a tax upon Insurance companies, dramshops, express companies, sun- dry corporations, license and inspec­ tion taxes, and a collateral inheritance tax. What other forms .of taxation may be adopted will be for the Gen­ eral Assembly, in its discretion; to- de­ termine. The system proposed, re­ quires no change in the existing lim­ itations upon .the tax rates of the- countles, cities and school districts of the state. “The change recommended requires no modifiation of the methods of as - sessingrthe property of railroads and other public service corporations, by the State Board of Equalization. That system is statutory and' its . continu­ ance o r modification is>ubject to the control Of the General Assembly Should the present system0he contin­ ued) whereby the assessed valuation made by the Btate board is appor­ tioned, to the' counties, the General Assembly should continue the present state tax upon such valuation and provide for Its direct payment Into the staid treasury." m m *r Misguided Man# A Pennsylvania man asserts that his wife hasn't spoken to him in. coven years, Yet the misguided man is su­ ing for *>divoree.--N. O, Times-Demo- • r a t ^»*«o-»if#*»*#*»*9*»*a-ft**«* THEN IB I >f AMENDMENTI The resolution to amend the Mis­ souri constitution contains thoso sriuri paragraphs: The general assembly shall sepa­ rate the sources of state and local (that Is, county, school and munici­ pal) revenue and establish local op­ tion for. the counties and and mu­ nicipalities of the state in the se­ lection of the subjects of taxation. The separation of tho- sources Of state and local revenues, and the establishment of iocal option and home rule in taxation, shall ho' ef­ fected by tho discontinuance of the levy of a general property tax upon the real and personal property of • tho state by the general assembly <x from and after the firs) day of Jan- (* uary, 1900, and the revenue re­ quired for all state purposes shall thereafter bo secured either by the exercise by the geneva, assembly of its power of taxation upon the subjects of taxation other than by the general property tax upon the real and personal property of the state, or by apportionment to tho couhtles of tho state and tho city of St. "Louis, of so much of the £ revenues required for tate pur* S poses as may bo in excess of the • revenue of tho slate derived from other sources of revenue, such ap ­ portionment to bo rondo by tho state board ut equalization in the manner provided by the general as­ sembly, TTnon . tho discontinuance of the levy by tho general assembly of the general property tax fdr state pur­ poses upon tho real and personal property of the state, th at Is to say, ^ after January 1, 1909, the counties t and cities of the state may subject to taxation fop,, local purposes-the real and personal property wltlitn their jurisdiction, and may exempt any class of property within such jurisdiction- from taxation, either wholly or by reduction of the rate of taxation thereon: Provided, that any taxation or exemption from taxation made In any county Or city shall bo uniform upon the same class of subjects within such territory. The taxation for school purposes w ith in ' such county or* city, by whatever authority Jovled, shall be made according to the plan of taxation adopted In the county wherein such school district la lo­ cated wholly in ah incorporated K city, n ValueTo? Mental Pleasures. No man's life is free from struggles and mortifications, not even tho hap­ piest; but every one may build up his own happiness by seeking mental pleasures, and thus making himself independent of outward fortunes.—* Von Humboldt. A oaiiy Thought. It ,la only living that teaches us the right of our friends to help ua. Mu­ tual obligation io like rotation of crops, and saves friendship from eterllHy.—Octavo Tls&nCt, i Furepemi StateOwnedTelephone Serv.’ca Woefully Deficient. f-lero the Talking Wire- Is Operated at a Bnsintcs p ropo sition—N o t Only If It Conckictcd Much More Efficiently In America Than Abroad, but Em­ ployees Aro Better P»ii.d and Bettor Treated Horc. By W ALTER W. BURGESS. It Is my opinion, upon a study ut first hand, that the state owned telephone systems of Europe compared with .the telephone systems of this country, both as regards development and from a financial and service stand­ point, are woefully deficient.- So ludi­ crous Is the comparison that It puts me lu mind of the American gentleman who, when traveling in Asia Minor, Insisted upon tho similarity of the riv­ ers In that country with the rivers in Ohio—because there were salmon Jn 'both, l have been 'greatly Impressed with what T, might term the telephone habit' of the people in this country. The vari­ ous telephone companies appear to make every effort to foster and develop still further this habit, both by attrac­ tive schedules of rates, graded so that they make provision for tho most mod­ erate user, and by adopting Improve­ ments which will tend to make the use of the telephone more frequent. Con­ trasting this with the state of affairs in, Europe—-take London, for example— it Is a common occurrcuce and within •my own personal knowledge that nine months have elapsed between the date of the order being given and. the actual installing of the telephone. In Ger­ many there are' two stated periods' during 'the year in which telephones are Installed. Should a person require a telephone installed apart from either of these two set periods a special charge is made. In addition to this, all intending subscribers must first ob­ tain written permission from their landlords. The rates for long distance service in this country are much higher than in Europe, but the service given, which Is the real criterion, is corresponding­ ly much more satisfactory. Although the rates in Europe are low, you can­ not get service. In continental Europe especially the toll lines are so limited that practically. throughout the busy hours of the dny up to late’ In the afternoon the lines are continually blocked. This has led to the establish­ ing of wbat are termed “urgent rates," For Instance, If you require to com­ municate with a subscriber promptly by paying three times the amount of; the ordinary rate yam* call takes prec­ edence over the ordinary m'essnge. In Great Britain a toll line ean only be held for a six minute period, when the line must be relinquished, ft restric­ tion- which only a government depart­ ment would dare to enforce and which would not be Iterated by the business men qf this country. The contrast between thd operators is moat marked, I have been impress­ ed with fbe intelligence, vim, snap, call it what yon "kill, of the American op­ erator, When I consider the number of calls they bundle,, their speed and accuracy seem to mo little short of marvelous. I was astonished a t tho length the companies'go in looking after their physical welfare. After looking through an' exchange/ in Chica­ go I wrns shown over tho operators* re­ tiring rooms. I could not help con­ trasting the pleasant surroundings with those of an exchange I visited In Paris. There the switchboard was in an extremely dirty condition, and the switch room hnd evidently not bceh cleaned for days. No retiring or lunch rooms were provided for the operators* who apparently were doing Just as they pleased. Some were reading, and some were Indulging In animated con­ versation, the answering of calls being quite a secondary consideration. In' Berlin, Stockholm and London the sur­ roundings were certainly much better, but nothing to be compared with wbat I saw la Chicago, and the operating was terribly slow. I attribute this dif­ ference to the fact that, whereas In America the operator's position and ad­ vancement depend upon her ability, in Europe the operators, being a part of the civil service, cannot bo discharged, and thus, having obtained a position for life, have no further Incentive and rapidly absorb the well known inertia of that department As far as my investigations go, the telephone systems in this country are managed along commercial lines-. Rates are fixed with regard to tho actual cost of giving service. Improvements are adopted ns boor ns their efficiency has been demonstrated, and a plant which, owing to improvements In the art, has become obsolete Is at once discarded. This is far from being the caso In Eu­ rope. There the business Is conducted by methods that are neither practical nor commercial. Considerations which are quite foreign to the business enter in. Rates are fixed without regard to the factors which should govern them, For instance, in Switzerland the same r a te .Is- -chiirgecLJii._ Havas*..a city.of 8.000 Inhabitants, ns in Enrich, with 150.000 Inhabitants. The tendency Is also very great to Oppose any improve­ ment or any change which tends to make additional expenditure necessary, Berlin Is now just adopting tlie com­ mon battery system after operating for years with a cumbrous and old fash­ ioned grounded lino magneto System. It has been periodically announced thnt tlie telephone system of Paris Is to bo reconstructed on modern lines, but each year there Is a new excuse, and Paris is still struggling along with a most miserable and hopelessly antiquated system. Scientific Discovery Anticipated. i t is interesting to note that in ex- trading electricity from a man’s Stomach, in San Francisco, a drink of whisky doubled the voltago. This bears out observatlono that have been made by the unscientific and without, the aid of electrodes or a microphone. Why the Dot Over *■».« * The sinall letter “l” was former!) Written Without the dot; the dot Wat introduced in the 14th century to distinguish “1” from “o" in hasty and indistinct writing, GAS PUNT OPERATION. Lucian H, Tyng Compares Pufelio and Private Ownership. Luelen II. Tyag contributed to the August Issue .of Mcedy’s Magazine a strong article on “Private versus Pub- lie Operation of Gas Companies." from which we take the following: “Making money nut of a gas plant is not like piekjng gold eagles out of tho street, and a franchise to run the gas business lu a community’"1s no gold mine. It may be developed into a source of great profit, but only In con­ junction with capita! and business abil­ ity, especially the latter,, which If not employed In the particular gas busi­ ness in question migbt be securing .greatpr returns in some other field.. “There is no more logic in the belief that the surplus earnings of a success­ ful gas company over a certain per­ centage on (he Investment should go to the municipality than that a whole­ sale grocer should refund to his cus tomer all profits over 6 per cent, suy, on the capitalization of his company. The success of the gas company conies from the use of proper judgment, en­ ergy and business methods In the use and risk of capital invested, just as In any other business, “That ISften the gas business is ap parently a natural monopoly in a given community dobs not disprove the fore­ going reasoning. The gas companies that are making the most money today are not those that are taking advan­ tage of their franchise rights to exact high rates. They are the ones who by their own effort in educating the peo pie are so increasing the per capita consumption of gas as to make a lower rate n business possibility and by their Intelligent attention to operating cost and Investment of large amounts of new capital when needed are able to reduce the cost of making gas sufil cleutly to secure ft greater total profit out of selling a large amount of gas at a tow rate than was before received when rates were higher and business less. . . • -- “But It fs oaly by the most aggres­ sive and intelligent business methods tbat-a gas Company cauliope to sue ceed under bitch conditions. The ahll Ity to bundle the business in this way ts something that a municipality can not buy a t a salary. The opportunities in other lines of business are too great to those with the capacity that enables them to develop the highest earning power out of n gas Company at a low margin of profit for the product" PUBLIC BUSINESS NEGLECTED No Private Enterprise* Could Haye Been So Badly Managed Without Col- . lapse. ; ft is « stem but not a pleasant duly to call occasional attention to the way events continue1 to stultify the‘claims of the municipal ownership advocates that the public does Its own business as well ns or better than tbe Individual does his. •Take three enterprises o f . present moment. -No private individual or corporation constrained by a profit making purpose and upholstered by the taxing power would make such cra*y and eclmpt Contracts for a building ns those which investigation shows the state of Pennsylvania made for the Ilarrislmrg-caplfol, No .private enterprise would have so little to show for six years of .Work on a simple en­ gineering problem as the.municipality bas In the Manhattan bridge. No in­ dividual able to keep out of the bank­ ruptcy courts ami the insane asylum would have spent, as Father Knicker­ bocker baa spent. $7,000,000 for a hall of records, taken seven years to build It and then found that it. Would not hold his records, The huge debt of the metropolis, its narrow borrowing power, tbe condition of its streets, docks rujd parks and the confusion of its fas system, all are ex­ plained and liliimiuated by these con­ temporary incidents.—Editorial In New York Mail and Express. iopnaw.il.. Thar* Wax* Reason. Some of the forma of graft practiced in certain Indiana cities which have gone Into ~thc municipal ownership business may be peculiar to those towns, lu oue of them, which owtts and runs its waterworks system, as Rochester does, the city waterworks were Insured for $32,000. A cement water lank carried $20,000 Insurance, though it conld not be fired if a thou­ sand incendiaries went to work at it It happened that in that towu'oiie of the influential officials was agent for a fire Insurance company which had "risks" on the water tank and other properties.—Rochester (N. Y.) Demo crat end Chronicle. Familiar Story From Portsmouth* C. Portsmouth, o„ was among the first to install Its own electric light plant, which It operated until a street rail way system was Installed. At that time n contract was made with the street railway company by tbe terms of whlch.it took charge of the lighting plant and furnished light to tbe city for a specified sum. This contract continued In force until about three years ago. When tbe practically worn out and out of date equipment Ivns sold to the street railway company because tho city was unwilling to ex­ pend the money necessary properly to re-equlp the plant. In Chehalis, Wash. » According to-the mayor of Cliebnlls* Wash., “the city owns the plant, which was leased some tlmo ago to a private party. That party now owns nearly nil the nmchlnery connected with tho plant. Tho city at the time It operat­ ed tho plant did not make n financial 8itCeos's for the reason thnt the city was a t that time very small and In dishonest hands, so the story goes." Doctor'* Advice. “Don't talk to ino about doctors! 1 consulted on* and ho advised mo to sleep with my window open, I did so, and this next morning my watch and pccketboofc had disappeared."—Trans­ lated Tales from Fllegoido Blatter, RabblVir MotharijTDevotion. A trapper going his rounds at Leeds* town, Cornwall, Came upon a rabbit nursing her little one** and lying on hot side to do so, while she was ovl* dontly in excruciating pain. Her two forelegs w*r« broken and blooding, and ggcurely fetid in a steel trap. KAUFMAN’S iJaSjk LOCAL -Jiestpoilgh Autoiuobil ‘HE tremendous Clothing Business being done by this Big. Store, is the direct result of selling only reliable |... fashionable clothing at lower prices 1 than equal qualities can be bought for elsewhere. It’s human nature to get all * you can for your money, and nowhere in Springfield will it/secure as much ^ ^ clothing satisfaction as at KAUF-CLOTKCRAFf MAN’S, • - ' . ., - ■ - ■ . . . \ MEN'S S U I T S . ..................................?. $5.00 to $30.00 MEN'S OVERCOATS......................... . ...................$5.00 to $30.00 MEN'S RAIN COATS.................................... .$5.00 to $25.00 MEN'S TROUSERS............................. , ................ .$1.50 to$6:50" YOUTHS' SUITS......... .......................1.......... . .$5.00 to $25.00' YOUTHS’ OVERCOATS...........; ..................... . $5.00 to $25-00 . YOUTHS’ TROUSERS............................................ $ 1.00 to $5.00 CHILDREN'S SUITS................. i .............. . . . . . ,$1.50 to $10.00. CHILDREN'S OVERCOATS.................... . $2,50 to $ 10.00 CHILDREN'S TROUSERS.......... ,.......................... .50c to $1.50 Hats, Caps, Shirts, Gloves, Underwear, Neckwear, Hosiery, Sweaters, Carr digans, Vests, Dress Vests, House Coats, Bath Robes, Full Dress and Tuxedo Suits, i f y o u H a v e t h e m f r o m u s , t h e y ' r e r i g h t . KAU FM AN 'S Springfield’s Greatest Clothing Store, + 15-17 South Limestone, Street, Springfield, Ohio. l . Cowrtehlp ,in Mexloo, Staring at- the windows or their adored ones Is,the way Mexican lov- ers* woo. If, the young woman Is agreeable, she will, appear a t the window after several days, and they thus become acquainted. FIELDTOSTAV Upon returning from his con­ ference with Secretary Taft in Cincinnati, A. I, Vorys, Taft man­ ager in Ohio, made the following statement: * “I talked with Secretary Taft • ■anil submitted to him convincing • • !! evidence that the Republicans ! I ; | of Ohio favor him as the Repub- • ’ ” llcan candidate for the. presi­ dency. "He waa gratified at the in­ formation. He said that some months ago he had announced that whilo his ambition was not ■• political* lie would accept the ■• * nomination if it came to him, * and added that, now that in view of his announcement his name had been used and support for him had been invoked by his friends* good faith to them re­ quires that he should not alter his position or take any action which will expressly or In effect withdraw his name until . the question of the nomination Is settled.” „ t rjn|iflnfrrfrij|* t]|~ t|rtji ifrt%iifriji THE PEOPLE'S CAUSE* The sentiment for Judge Taft seems to be almost universal in this state, de­ clares the Ohio State Journal, A gen­ tleman who travels most all the tlfee* and sees many people, says he has not met a man jvho does not fayor Judge—Taft -or some- candidate-that Stands for President Roosevelt’s Ideas on the subject Of corporations. The effort to ignore this position of tho peopje or to slight the sentiment that prevails among them as whimsi­ cal or unreal, will turn out a losing business. The people know what they want. They may not he clear on the constitutional points, but they .know definitely what their own aspiratlona are, and those, to them are more sa­ cred than all the legal lore within the lido of a calf-hound tome. President Roosevelt IB subject to criticism for some things, but they are of minor and passing importance, and In time will settle themselves, and rightly, too. But tills Issue of tho square deal and the limitation of privi­ lege Is so vital that common justice, the safety of the republic' and tho ,liap. piness of the people rest upon the de­ termination of it, That Is why, everywhere One goes, ho finds the popular impulse Is for Roosevelt, who represents the prayer Of the people that is going up for the establishment of a fairer deal In tho American citizenship. And that is to be the culmination of this fight, and all legal technicalities and political machines wiil be overwhelmed as sure *» the earth rolls around. 4 W OW N .C - '.- s - i '. ■4 "iK; EVERYTHING FOR PICTURE* MAKING' IN THE KodakBox A No. 2 Brownie 'Camera for taking 2% x 3# pictures, a Brownie Developing Box for devel­ oping the negatives in daylight, Film, Velox paper, Chemicals, Trays, Mounts. Everything needed for making pictures is included in this complete little outfit. And the working of it is so simple that anybody can get good results from the start. No dark-room is needed and every step is explained in the illustrated instruction book that accompanies every outfit. Made by Kodak workmen in the Kodak *factory—that tells the story of the quality. THE KODAK BOX No. 2, CONTAINING: t No, 2 Brownlo Camera, - 1 BrownieBevelopinp Box, 1RollNo, 8BrownloTfllm, 0 * * W I M J J lU r t lU U JU - liJ U ) U t U l l S Brownie Dovploping Powders, 1 Fkf-. 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