12 The Tariff as it is, compared with new or old, twenty-five per centum ad valorem; on copper bottoms cat round, and copper bottoms raised at the edge, and still bottoms cut round and turned up on the. edge, and patts thereof and on copper plates or sheets weighing more than .thirty four ounces per square foot, commonly called braziers’ copper, thirty per centum ad valorem; on copper rodsand bolts, nails and spikes, four cents per pound; on patent sheathing metal composed ia part of copper, two cents per pound. > Ninth. On tin in pigs, bars, or blocks, one per centum ad valorem; tin in plates or sheets, terne plates, taggers’ tin, and tin foil, two and a half per centum ad valorem; on silver plated metal in sheets, and on argentine alabata, or German sil ver, in sheets or otherwise, unmanufactured, thirty per cent um ad valorem; on manufactures of German silver, bell metal, zinc and bronze, thirty per centum ad valorem; on zinc in sheets, ten per centum ad valorem: Provided, That old b-lls, or parts thereof, fit only to be remanufactured, shall not be considered manufactures of bell metal, but shall be admitted free of duty; on bronze powder, bronze liquor, iron liquor, red liquor, and seppia, tweniv per centum ad valorem. Tenth. On coal, one dollar and seventy-five cents per ton; on coke or culm of coal, five cents per bushel. The corresponding section of the proposed Van Buren substitute reads as follows. First On iron, in bars or bolts, not manufactured, in whole Or in part, by rolling, there shall be levied a duty of fifteen dollars per ton, instead of the duty of seventeen dollars per ton imposed by the said act; on bar or bolt iron, made wholly or in part by rolling, there shall be levied a duty of twenty dollars per ton, instead of the duty of twenty-five dollars per ton imposed by the said act; on all iron imported in bars for railroads, or inclined planes, made to patterns, and fitted to be laid down as rails upon such roads or planes, without further manufacture, there shall be levied a duty of ten dollars per ton, instead of the duty of twenty-five dollars per ton, imposed by the said act: Provided., That upon the entry of any such railroad iron at any custom house of the United States, good and sufficient bonds shall be given, with sureties to the satisfaction of the collector of the customs receiving the same, for the payment of the duty upon such iron at the rate of twenty dollars per ton, the duty by this act imposed on other rolled bir iron, within one year from the date of said bond, unless the State, corporation, company, or individuals, obligors on said bond shall, before the expiration of the time allowed thereon for the payment thereof, exhibit to the Secretary of the Treasury, or to the collector of the customs taking the bond, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may, from time to time, prescribe, satisfactory proof,in writing and upon oath, ■ that the said iron has been actually and permanently laid down upon the railroad or inclined plain for which the same shall have been imported, as shown by the entry of the slid iron, and the bond given to secure the payment of the du ies upon the same, in which case, and in that only, the duty of ten dollars per ton, .hereby imposed upon such iron, shall be received in full satis faction and discharge of every such bond; but in case of failure t o make such proof to the satisfaction of the said Secretary, or of the proper collector of the customs, as the case may be, within the time hereby limited for the making thereof, the full duty of twenty dollars per ton upon the said iron shall be demanded and paid, in the same manner as if the said bond had been given without any other condition than the payment of the said full duties at rhe expiration of every such bond Second. On iron in pigs, there shall be levied a duty sfsav- eu dollars per ton, instead of the duty of nine dollars per ton imposed by the said act; on vessels of cast iron, not otherwise specified; glazed or tin hollow ware and castings; sad irons or smoothing irons; hatters’ and tailors’ pressing irons; cast iron butts or hinges; iron or steel wire, desceided in said act asnot exceeding No. 14; over No. 14 and not exceeding No, 25; and over No. 28, silvered or plated wire; round or square iron, or braziers rods of three sixteenths to ten-sixteenths of an inch in diameter, inclusive; iron in nail oi spike rods, or nail plates; slit, relied, and hammered iron, in sheets, except taggers iron, hoop iron, iron slit, rolled or hammered for band i on, scroll iron, or casement rods; iron cables, or chains,' or parts thereof, manufactured in whole or in part, of whatever diameter, the links being ef the form peculiar to chains for cables; all other chains of iron not otherwise.specified, the links being either twisted or straight, and, when straight, of greater length than those used in chains for cables; anchors, or parts of anchors, manufactured, in whole or in part;'anvils, blacksmiths’ hammers, and sledges; cut or wrought iron spikes; cut iron nails: wrought iron nails; axletrees, dr parts thereof; mill irons and mill cranks of wrought iron; wrought iron for ships, locomo tives, and steam engines; iron chains, other than chain cables; steam, gas, or water tubes, or pipes, made of band or rolled iron; and tacks, brads, and sprigs,—thereshallbeleviedaduty ef thirty per centum ad valorem, instead of the various duties inposed by the said am; andthe la-1 clause of the seeondpro- viso to the second subdivision of the fourth sectionof the said act, which imposes an additional duty of fif een per centum ad valorem upon the cost of the articles embraced therein, be, and the same is hereby, repealed. Third. On all old or scrap iron there shall be levied a duty of six dollars per ton, instead of the duty of ten dollars per ton imposed by the said act. Fourth. On screws made of iron, called wood screws, brass screws, and brass battery or hammered kettles, there shall be levied aduty of thirty per ceutnm ad valorem, instead of the various duties imposed by the said act. Fifth. On all steel in bars, except cast, shear and German steel, there shall be levied a duty of one dollar aud fifty cents or one hundred and twelve pounds, instead of the duty of two collars and fifty cents imposed by the said act; on solid headed pins, and all other package pins, and on pound' pins, there shall be levied a duty of thirty per centum ad valorem, iusteat? of thevarious duties imposed by the said act. Sixth. On japanned ware of all kinds, or pap’er mache, and plated and gilt wares of all kinds, cutlery of all kinds; and all other manufactures not otherwise spe-ified, made of brass, iron, steel, copper, pewter, lead, or tin, or of which either of these metals is a component material, there sha l be levied a duty of twenty-five per centum ad valorem,instead of the duty of thirty per centum imposed by the said act. Seventh. On lead in pigs and bars old and rcrap lead, leaden pipes, leaden shot, and, lead in sheets, or in any other form not herein specified, there shall be 1. vied a duty of twenty-five per centum, ad valorem’ instead of the various duties imposed by the said act ’ Eighth. On silver plated metal in sheets, argentine, alabata, or German silver, in sheets or otherwise unmanufactured, and on manufactures of German silver, bell metal,, zinc and bronze, there shall be levied a duty of twenty per centum sd valorem, instead of the duty of thirty per centum imposed by the said act. Ninth On coal, there shall be levied a duty of one dollar per ton, instead of the duty of one do'lar and seventi-hve cents per ton imposed by the said act; and on coke, or culm of coal, there shall be levied a duty of thirty per cent, ad valorem, instead of the duty of five cents per bushel imposed by the said act. XIX. The Changes Proposed—Iron. The changes proposed by Gen. McKay’s Committee with respect to Iron and Coal are as follows : The duty on Bar Iron, to be reduced from $17 Rolled Iron, “ Railroad do Pig do Scrap do Steel......... 25 25 9 10 to $15 per ton ; to 20 “ to to to io Coal,...... ‘ “ “ Japanned Ware. “ German S i Iver. Zinc, Sil ver2i to 11 to 6 " li per cwt. 1 per ton. 30' per ct to 25 per ct. ”plated metal," bro^ei &c” j 30 Pr ct‘t0 20 Per Ct’ J All manufactures of Iron, fr m the various specific duties now imposed to JO per cent. These changes, it will be seen, are in some respects vital, and especially as respects Manufactures of Iron. It is well known that, owing in part to the cheaper Labor of the Old World, in part to the greater concentration of Capital and the low rate of Interest, but more than all to that perfection and economy in processes which many years of prosperous and extensive business alone can secure, Iron' is produced milch cheaper in Great Britain than in this country. We are gaining here, and there are causes now in operation which I fully believe will within two years reduce the prices of all descriptions of Bar and Rolled Iron to one-half the lowest price at which they have hitherto been sold in this country. This is not yet so determined that it may be announced as a certainty; but this is certain, that if we cherish and sustain the home production of our Iron, we shall every year be producing it cheaper and cheaper ; while if we do not protect our Iron makers, but suffer the business to languish and wither, we shall obtain our Iron cheaper or dearer in cash price, as the rivalries or combinations of Foreign competitors for our market shall determine, but certainly dearer in real, actual cost. Every ton of Iron produced among us gives employment to Labor, a market to various products, and positive value to articles before unsalable, to a very considerable extent. Wood lands are greatly increased in value by the setting up of Iron Works in their vicinity, because of the necessary demand for timber, fuel, charcoal, &c. and every bushel of grain or other farm produce has at once a ready and active market. But the production of Iron has hitherto been prosecuted under very great disadvantages among us. Oiir ore has been mainly far inland, and generally found in rugged,, scarcely, accessible mountain regions, whence the product could only be transported to the great commercial cities at a ruinous expense. True, it t
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