The Substitute Proposed by its Adversaries. 9 cies; the balance distributed to China, South America, Mexico, &c. and 10,000 pieces sent to this Country. An American printer prepares a similar or equally good pattern, of which he strikes, say 60,000 pieces, and is able to send 10,000 of them out of the Country. There are -now 50,000 remaining to be sold here, against 10,000 of the British rival; the latter, being uniformly the rarer fabric, has a - decided advantage in the market, and commands a higher price. It is idle, for these and many, other reasons, to say, ‘ If we can make as cheap as other Countries, we need no Protection.’ Abundant facts establish the contrary. That' plain Cotton fabrics have decreased in price faster than Woolens, is notorious; and the reason is evident—the Protection on the former has been more effective than that on the latter. Let the present Tariff be sustained, and the manufacture of Calicoes and all Printed or Fancy Goods will improve in perfection and cheapness as that of plain Cottons has done. The few who insist on using the rarer Foreign fabrics instead of the cheaper American will pay for them, and the difference goes to swell the Revenue of the Country, to which they are presumptively well able to contribute. There is no prospect of good, therefore, but great danger of evil from the proposed sweeping abolition of all Protection to our now flourishing Cotton Manufacture. Why not ‘ let well alone ?’ XIV. Silk, Silks, Hemp, ^c. The third section of the Tariff, as it was estab, lished by the act of 1842, reads as follows : First. On all manufactures of silk, not. otherwise specified, . except bolting cloths, two do'lars and fifty cents per pound of 16 ounces ; on silk bolting cloths, twenty per cenrumad valor'-m : Provided) Chit if any silk manufactures shall be mixed with gold or silver, or other metal, it shall pay a duty of thirty per centum ad valorem Second. On sewing silk, silk twist, or twist composed of silk and mohrir, a duty of two dollirs per pound of 16 uaces ; on Pongees, or plain white silks for printing or coloring, one dollar and fifty cents per pound of 16 ounces; on floss and other similar silks, purified from the gum, dyed and prepared for manufacture, a duty of twenty five per centumad valo em; on raw silks, comprehending all silks in the gum, whether i.< hanks, reeled or otherwise, a duty oi fifty cents per p and of 16 ounces ; on silk umbrellas parasols, and sun shades, thirty per centum ad valorem; on silk or satin sho-s and slippers for women or men, thirty cents per pair; silk or satin laced boms or bootees for women or me.i, seventy-five c*nts a pair; silk Or satin shoesand slippers for children, fifteen cent, per pair; silk or satin laced boots or bootees for children, twenty five cents a pair; on men’s silk hats, one dollar each; silk or satin hats or bonnets for women, two dollirs each; onstlkshirts and drawers, whether made up wholly or in part, forty per centum ad valorem; silk caps for women, and turbans, ornaments for head dress, aprons, collars caps, cuffs, braids, curls, or frizettes, chemisettes, ma, til las, pelerines, and all other articles of silk made up by hand, m whole or in part, and not otherwise provided for, a duty of thirty p-r centum ad valo- rem> Third. On unmanufactured hemp, forty dollars per ton; on Manilla, Sunu, and other hemps of I- dia, on jute. Sisal grass, coiar, and other vegetable substances not enumerated, used for cordage, twenty-five dollars per t ,n; on codilia, or tow o. hemp or flax, twenty dollars per ton; on tarred cables and cordage, five cents per pound; on uutarre I cordage, f'ur and a half cents per pound; yarns, twine, and pack thread, six cents per pound; on seines, seven cents per pound; on cotton bag ging, four cents per square yard; on any other manufac ure nototherwise specified, suitable for the uses to which c tto bagging is applied, whether composed in whole or in pert of hemp or flax, or any other material, or imported under the designation of gunny cloth or any other appellation, and witbow regard to the weight or width, a dutv of five cents per square yard; on sail duck, seven cents per square yard; Russia ami other sheetings, brown and white, twenty-five per centum ail valorem,; and on all other manufactures of hemp, or of whi.h hemp shall be a component part, not specified twenty pe cen um ad valorem; on unmanufactured flax, twentv. dolhr pier ton: on linens, and all other manufactures of flax, o" o which fl ‘x shall be a component part, not otherwise specified a duty of twenty-five per centum ad valorem; on grass cloth, a duty of twenty-five per centum ad valorem Fourth On stamped, .printed, or painted floor oil cloth thirty-five cents per square yard; on furniture oil cloth, mark on Canton or cotton flannel, sixteen cents per square yard; on other furniture nil cloth, ten cents per square yard; on oil cloth of linen, silk, or other materials, used for i.at covets, aprons Coach curtains, or similar purposes, and nn medicated >1 cloths, a duty of twelve arid a half cents per square vard; on Chinese or other floor matting made of fl'gs, jute or grass, on all other fl mr ma-tiag norotheiwisespei'ifii d. and on mats, of whatever materials composed, twenty-five per centum ad valorem. The corresponding- section of the bill reported by Gen. McKay reads thus: First. On all manufactures of si!k,not otherwise specified, exce t boltmg cloths, there shall b^ levied a duty o twenty jer centum a 1 valorem, instead of the d ’ty of two dollars and fifty cents per pound imposed bv the said acr; and on silk bolting cleths th-re sha’l be levied a duty of fifteen per centum ad vI'Oiem, instead of the duty of twenty per centum imposed oy the said act. Second, On si k twist, or twist composed of silk and mohair, and on sewing silk, one dollar yer pouid of sixteen ounces, instead of t >e duty of two do jars per pound imposed by the said act; on pongees and plain white silks for prin ii>g or color ng. there shi I be lev ed i duty of twenty per centum ad valorem, instead of the duty of one dollar and fifty cents per pound imposed by the said act; on floss and othei similar silks, purified from th < g'>m dy-d an i prepared for manufacture thyre shall - e 1-vied a duty of fift.ee 1 per cutum ad valorem, instead of the duty o< twenty five p“i ceinum imposed by thesa d act; on all r iw silks, compruhendingall s Iks in the gum wbeth .r in hanks, reelea or otherwise, there shall be levied a duty of twe «e and a half per centum ad vaioum, instead of the dutv of fifty c uts per pound imposed by the said act;. and on si k umbieliis. i> rasois, sun-sh ides, silk or satin shoe* f ir men, w omen or children; silk or sarin laced boots or bootees for mt n. women or children; mail’s silk hats; silk oi satin h 'ts or boil lie's for woman; si k ■ hirts and drawers, wh ther made up • ho'ly or in part; silk caps for women; toraans. or- uam-nis for hiad dress, aprons, collars, caps, cuffs, biaids, curls or frizartes, ch miseries mamill is. pel. rim s, and all other articles of silk made up by hind in whole or in pa t, and not otherwise provided for, there shall b> levud a duty of twenty-fin per centum ad valorem, instead of the. various duties mposed b thesai.i act Third. On unminufactured hemp Manilla, Sunn, and other hemps of India, jute, Sisa' g ass, coiar, and other veget ble su .stances not euumeraied, used for c* rdage, ihere sha ) be levied ad'ity of thirty per centum ad val >rem instead of the various dunes imposed bv the srid ac>; on codilla. or tow of hemp and flax, there sha l b-levied a duty of twenty five per centum ad valorem, instead of the duty of twenty dollars per ton, imp -sed by thesaid act; oh aired a> d unraned cables and cordage, yarns, twi> e. packthread, cotton-bagging, of whatever material composed, and on any ot er manufacture not otherwise specified, suuabb* for the uses t-> which cotton bagging is applied, of wha ever material composed, and whether imported uud-r the d- signarion of gu my clo h or anyo her appellation there shall be levied a dut. of thirty per cenrum qdvalorem, instead of the various duties imposed by thesaid act. Fourth. On stamped, printed or painted floor oilcloth, furniture oilcloth _m.de on Canton or cotton fla .nel, other furniture oilcloth. oilcloth oflineu silk or othei materials used for hat covers, aprons, coach curtaius„or similar purposes, and on medicated oilcloths th- re sh ,1J be levied a duty of thirty per centum ad valorem, Instead of the various duties imposed by the said act. The duties levied by Government on Silk and its various manufactures have usually before been low and levied by an ad valorem charge on the fabrics imported. As a natural consequence, very little attention has been attracted, except fitfully and to little purpose, to the production of Silk or Silk fabrics in this country. Meantime, the demand for such fabrics has been constantly increasing, and we have imported of them co the value of some Two Hundred Millions of Dollars within the last twenty years. So great has been the influx of Silksand Wines, both taxed very lightly since 1832, that Gen. Cass, our late Embassador at the Court of France, wrote home to our Government officials remonstrating against the ruinous impolicy of receiving those staples at so low rates of duty, while we were taxed exorbitantly on nearly every American product admitted by France. The present Tariff was intended and has operated to change this-state of things,, and has given not merely an impulse but a basis of security to the growth and manufacture of Silk in this Country. Can any man douht that the nation would have been richer this day if, instead of buying Two
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