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THE CEDRUS EDITED BY STUDENTS OF CEDARVILLE COLLEGE Nam et ipsa scientia potestas est. Knowledge is power. NINETEEN HUNDRED THIRTY-THREE CEDARVILLE, OHIO
PREFACE THERE lie at every man's disposal vast reservoirs of power, which he must needs convert to useful ends, if he wishes to attain some worthwhile goal, and truly to serve mankind to the best of his ability. These powers are manifold; they lie in the realms of the physical, mental, and spiritual. Preeminent among these powers is knowledge, basic to the highest development of man's physical and spiritual natures. This source of power is placed within our reach in many forms, but perhaps it presents itself to all of us most often through the written experiences of others, as recorded in books. We have endeavored this year to create a publication that can truly be called a book. To this purpose we have presented several essays and compositions, contributed by members of the student body, as well as portrayed the life of the school in a literary form. We most sincerely appreciate the cooperation of all those who have helped us in the production of this book; especially those who have contributed articles and have aided in the compiling of the contents of this volume, and the ones who have assisted in the editing and typing of the manuscript.
THE CEDRUS 1
MIAMI VALLEY PUBLISHING CO., Printers PONTIAC ENGRAVING CO., Engravers SCHREEL STUDIOS, Photographers
CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE LAW AND GOVERNMENT CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE 'AND MUSIC. CHAPTER THREE SCIENCE CHAPTER FOUR VOCATIONS CHAPTER FIVE CHARACTER
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.04 VIZ 3§4,6 okte '311 It6 411; CHAPTER ONE Law and Government VICTORY OFSAMOTHRACE The Victory of Somothrace is one of the most sublime expressions of movement left to us by antique art. The irresistible energy, the victorious swing of the body, and the muscular strength and triumphant grace seem to animate the marble. The Winged Victory was carved to commemorate a naval victory of the Greeks over the Egyptians in the fourth century B. C. The figure originally stood on the prow of a galley, blowing a trumpet. The statue now stands in the Louvre at Paris. ROM time immemorial, the spirit of man, born free, has everywhere been in chains. Through these social institutions, as we call them,are conserved to future generations the contributions of bygone ages; without them, social life would be disintegrated and unstable. Social order is a sacred right which serves as a basis for all others. This social order is maintained by laws, the arbitary rules established by governments. Again,law is "that portion of the established thought and habit which has gained distinct and formal recognition in the shape of uniform rules backed by the authority and power of government." And government itself is, in its widest sense, the ruling power in a political society. It rests on the fundamental idea of control and obedience; it implies authority and a submission to that authority. So far as we know,government, with its attendant laws of one form or another, has existed from the first population of the world. We are told in legendary tales that Sparta's government was devised by Lycurgas; that Moses, Numa,and Alfred the Great in like manner shaped the government of their respective nations.Butfrom time to time throughout history's pages, we find men, who, dissatisfied with mere legend, have attemptedto find a metaphysical basis for the right to establish governments and enaet statutes. First was the theological view, that power has been divinely delegated to the State. Next,the Church, objecting, set itself up as the only divinely ordained institution, and Page Seven V,F;
therefore as superior to the State. Dante tried to coordinate the views; Macchiavelli insisted upon complete severence of State and Church. Spinoza said might makes right; not until 1918 was the world convinced of the falsity of this notion. The Analycists ascribed to the words of the legal statutes themselves a certain inherent right to rule—a certain "legal fibre." Rousseau's SocialContract theory, of French Revolutionary times regarded the individual as the possessor of certain inalienable rights which can be surrendered only upon the guaranty of other beneficial duties to be performed by the State. Today, we believe that the basis of soyereignty rests not upon any artificial compact, but upon the solidarity which characterizes the common consciousness of men. "This forms a natural foundation, and its expression in sovereign law is a natural manifestation." Twenty-two centuries ago, the first great political scientist, Aristotle, classifed the forms President; Peter Gibson Professor of Philosophy and of government by the numerical relation between Greek; A. B. Franklin College; A. M. Franklin College; those in power and their constituency. The govPh. D. Franklin College; D. D.Tarkio College. W. R. McCHESNEY ernment may be a monarchy, governed by one; an aristocracy governed by a very few in proportion to the Whole population; or a democracy, governed by many. In general, this classifiction still holds good today. Aristotle further divided governments according to an ethical concept, asking the question, does the governing power seek to its own advantage, or to the advantage of the whole people? The answer to this question gives us not three, but six varieties of government, for each perfect form has a corresponding depraved form. The good government of one (Monarchy) is contrasted with the depraved form (Tyranny); The good government of a few (Aristocracy) is contrasted with the depraved form (Oligarchy); The good government of many (Democracy) is contrasted with the depraved form (Anarchy). Human frailties have permitted the establishment of a veritable law concerning the recurrent cycle of changes through which a normal government passes. First, it is Monarchy, under a single strong man with sovereign power. Handed down to his children, it in time degenerates to Tyranny,as they forget his wise precepts. Atsome Runnymede, revolt occurs, and a princely few, public-spirited in their aims,set up an Aristrocracy. This early justness in an Aristrocracy always declines in the years of its dotage into selfish Oligarchy. Oligarchy,fatal to civil liberty, goads the people to revolution, with a Democracy as its almost inevitable result. Even Democracy has its old age of degeneracy—an old age in which it loses its early respectfor law,and its first amiability of mutual concession. License and Anarchy break out, and only aCaesar can bring it back to reason and order. Thus the cycle is completed, and the state is once more back at the job of cutting its legislative teeth. Our brief study here can only mention the problem that is perhaps the most fascinating of all: what shall be the sphere of government? To what limits shall the government's powers extend? Page Eight
This problem resolves itself into the relative advisability of a policy of laissezfaire or one of mercantilism. Shall the government keep out of business altogether, or shall it enter into the economic life whenever it deems it necessary? The former leads to an anarchical state; the latter, carried to its logical conclusion, ends in Socialism. Obviously, the trend in the United States is toward a modified Socialization of economics; the Interstate Commerce Commission, the present banking reforms, government subsidizing of marine and air transportation, government regulation of power, light, and gas rates, all point strongly to a decreased fear of executive and legislative powers. Whether this be good or bad, it is fully in accord with our previously-described cycle of government. From this study, then, of the science of government— its origin, its forms, its rights and powers—we draw three conclusions. In the words of Woodrow Wilson, "The end of government is the facilitation of the objects of society. The mental action is necessary cooperation. The method of political development is conservative adaptation, shaping old habits into new ones, modifying old means to accomplish new ends." —Walter S. Kilpatrick. History Agitation for a Reformed Presbyterian College was inaugurated at the General Synod of the Church, May, 1879, by the Rev. J. F. Morton, D. D. Upon the acceptance of a motion to this effect, a committee, with Dr. Morton as chairman, was appointed to carry out the project. At various subsequent meetings of the General Synod, further action was taken, but the lack of funds prevented the immediate opening of such an institution. A committee was appointed in 1885 to secure a site for the college at or near Cedarville, Ohio.Seven years later,several large donations made possible further consideration of the project, and in September, 1894, Cedarville College was opened with a faculty of 6 and a student body of thirty-six. ROBERT RICHARDS Cedarville, Ohio Student Body Pres. 4; Class Officer 4; Y. M. C. A. Cabinet 2; Mixed Chorus 4; Minstrel 1: 3: Band 1, 2 Literary I, 2, 3; Football 1, 2, 3, 4; Basketball 3, 4; Class Play 4; Cedrus Play 2, 4; Cedrus Staff 2, 3, 4. JOSEPH FREE Clayton, Ohio Messiah Bible College, Grantham, Pa., 1, 2;Class President 4; Y. M. C. A. Cabinet 4 Mixed Chorus 4; Minstrel 3; Quartet 3. 4; Literary President 4;Debate 3. 4; Bible Reading Contest Winner 3; Class Play 4 Cedrus Play 3, 4 Cedrus Staff 4. ROBERT WHITE Yellow Springs, Ohio Post Graduate Page Nine OLD MAIN rule of govern-
F. A. JURKAT The college was first housed in the fine old mansion formerly belonging to Dr. Hugh McMillan,the first pastor of the Main Street Reformed Presbyterian congregation of Cedarville. Half a century earlier, Dr. McMillan had taught an academy in this same building. These quarters proving too limited, construction of the new building on the main campus was begun, and its dedication occurred during the meeting of Synod, 1896. Rev. David McKinney, D. D., chosen as the first President,served in this capacity until 1915, a period of twenty-one years. Upon his resignation, Dr. McChesney was elected as his successor. In 1913,the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Presbyterian Church was moved to Cedarville from Philadelphia. It is one of the oldest instiutions in the United States for the professional training of young men for the Gospel ministry. It has been in operation now for nearly a century and a quarter, with two brief intermissions. In 1928, the General Synod by a unanimous vote gave full ownership and control of Cedarville ,College to the Board of Trustees of the College; however, the Seminary has been continued in affiliation with the Col. lege proper. Five hundred graduates have passed from Cedarville's halls of learning and no more fitting testimonial to the value of the school could be imagined than their Treasurer; Professor of Languages and useful Christian lives in all parts of the United States History; A. B. Franklin College; A. M. Franklin College; LL. D. Franklin College; A. and the world. M. Wittenberg College; Ohio State University. Cedarville College's supreme ideal is to guide its students into the truth in all matters; and with a goal like this, the institution promises an even more brilliant future than has been its past. Dr.McChesney For nearly two-score years, Cedarville College has been a living and growing monument to the sacrificing faithfulness of that band of men and women who have made it possible. Very, very close to the head of that list comes the name of the man who has been affiliated with the institution from its birth, whose life-work and hopes are so tied up in the work and hopes of the College that mention of the one automatically calls to mind the other—President W. R. McChesney. Dr. McChesney is known throughout much of the United States as an inspirational teacher and minister and a wonderful orator. Every student in the College's history has come under his influence in such vital courses as psychology, philosophy, logic, ethics, and so forth. One desiring to pursue the study of Greek in another school could give no higher reference than a transcript of Greek credits under Dr. McChesney. Dr. Mac's personality and prestige does much toward keeping the enrollment of the college up to its normal size—even to the ex tent of housing an annual collection of Illinois relatives in his home. Page Ten
Dr.Jurkat Ever since the second year of the College's establishment, Dr. Jurkat has been an indispensable factor in Cedarville College life. A brilliant scholar, widely-read in many languages, he is the last resort to which we fall back whenever we want information in any field. His teaching schedule reflects this mental versatility, for it is always crowded with many hours of classes, in several different fields. German, Latin, Hebrew, Greek, American History—or history of any sort—occasional sciences, advanced Bible courses—all these are included in his average schedule, and he teaches them all equally well, mixing in numerous anecdotes fitting to the given subject, and adding liberal portions of crackers and cheese to the college student's ever-hungry inner man. Dr. Jurkat holds the purse-strings for the College, and in times like these,that alone qualifies him to be described as a financial genius. Dean Steele In a world of rapidly inceasing complexity, perhaps the most valuable subjects of all as a means of preparation for life are the social sciences. Economics, sociology, and various phases of world history fall within Professor Steele's province, and a survivor of one of his courses is well grounded in a knowledge of the subject. However,Professor Steele does not confine himself to social sciences; he is also professor of Bible, and of public speech. The debate teams under his tutelage have built up an enviable record in the past two years. As Dean of Men,and Faculty Advisor for the Y.M. C. A.for several years, he has endeared himself to the hearts of every C. C. man who has come under his regime. Prof. and Mrs. Steele's home is a welcome gathering place for groups of Cedarville College's students, at parties nad Y. M. C. A. Cabinet meetings, or just for a touch of old-fashioned Hoosier hospitaity. The Campus The trees which beautify the College main campus are of great variety. Shrubbery is artistically arranged around the two buildings, and the long front walk is lined with shrubs and small evergreens. The Cedar Day platform is the "concentration Point" of the campus's beauty,for here a veritable grove of majestic evergreens forms a natural setting for an outside performance. The baseball diamond to the rear of Old Main is one of the finest of which any college in Ohio can boast; and a practice gridiron is also found on the athletic field. Pape Eleven C. W. STEELE Dean of Men; Professor of Social Sciences and Bible; A. B., Indiana State Normal; Northwestern University.
CLASS OFFICERS Sophomores: Arthur Donaldson, Pres.; Mary Crawford Paul Rife. Freshmen: Robert Thompson Carma Hostetler; Luella Robe; William Reid, Pres. The college's tennis courts are back of the Alford Memorial Gymnasium; here every year intramural tournaments are played, and the teams from various colleges in the state are met. Old Main, on the main campus, houses a chapel, the college offices, and a majority of the recitation rooms. Science Hall includes excellent laboratory facilities and science class-rooms in the basement and the first floor, while the Normal Department •ha8 its headquarters on the second. Alford Gym has a basketball court, tennis court, showerrooms and locker rooms for men and women students, and other equipment ordinarily found in similar buildings. The Carnegie Library has a capacity of seventeen thousand volumes, and keeps an excellent supply of magazines on file. Page Twelve
Cedrus Staff of 1933 Editor-in-Chief Clyde Hutchison Assistant Editor Walter Kilpatrick Business Manager Robert Richards Assistant Business Manager Charles Spencer Advertising Manager -Charles Bost Music Editor Eleanor Bull Art Editor Joseph Free Assistant Art Editor Arthur Donaldson Snapshot Editor Marjorie Gordon Snapshot Editor Jane West Diary Editor Nina Stevenson Athletic Editor Preston Garlough Humor Editor Homer Murray Faculty Advisor Prof. Kuehrmann Page Thirteen
CHAPTER TWO Literature and Music ERASMUS Desiderius Erasmus, a Dutch scholar of the Renaissance, was one of the promoters of Humanism in Western Europe and England. The great service he rendered was in fighting the battle of sound learning and plain common sense against unenlightenment, and in emphasizing the sovereign place of reason as the ultimate guide in all questions, re ligious and political not excepted. This portrait of Erasmus is by the famous German masterof the early sixteenth century, Hans Hobein. USIC, as we understand it, expresses itself in the inter-action of three elements —rhythm, melody and harmony. The first two are obviously as ancient as human conscousness itself. Without the third, a musical art of permanent value and intelligibility has not been known to attain independent existence. With harmony, music assumes the existence of a kind of space in three dimensions, none of which can subsist without at least implying the others. When we hear an unaccompanied melody we cannot help interpreting it in the light of its most probable harmonies. Thus, when it does not imply consistent harmonies it seems to us quaint and strange; because, unless it is very remote from our harmonic conception, it at least implies at any given moment some simple harmony which in the next moment it contradicts. Music is a mode of motion and is usually thought of as a pleasure-evoking emotion, which has become aesthetic. It is purely human, hence, the cound once set in motion, we are at liberty to dream, to thrill, to weep,to sigh, with all the moods ind uced by the director. Music is the youngest of the arts, but it has advanced into popularity far more rapidly than many of the older arts. Much of the musical development of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries was centered in Paris. The troubadours,the jongleurs,and the minnesingers, who cultivated poetry and music, played no small part in the advancement of the art. Page Fifteen
We are passing through a modern era of harmonious music. There are two distinct factors contributing to its establishment: first, the Church's need for intelligible chorus and choir music; and second, the rise of the opera, which contains much solo work, not complete without harmonic accompaniment. Music has advanved through the years from the monotonous chant of the ancient Greeks, through the raspy two-stringed musicbox,the soft tinkle of the harpsichord, the dreamy lull of the harp, to the glowing splendors of our symphonic orchestras, and our wonderful three and four-manual organs,found in our large cities of today. Imagine, if you will, a week, or even a day, without music of any kind. No chapel songs, nothing but speeches and advertising over the radio, no tunes to hum as you go here and there with your work. You would find it a mighty monotonous world. Because of this seemingly magic power and charm of music, which manifests itself in the human consciousness, it becomes one of the greatest sustaining forces in mortal existence. Its amelioration of those oppressing influences in our environment, which would otherwise become unendurable, places it high in the scale of aesthetic value, and gives it its indispensible position in the full, wellrounded life. —Eleanor Bull. Literature Literature in its various forms portrays the results of race peculiarities, or of diverse individual temperaments when put into story and verse form. Since man feels before he reasons, poetry generally precedes prose. Hence sacred books and war songs are everywhere the earliest literary monuments, and both are essentially poteic compositions which have received religious sanction. All literature, generally speaking, is imitative. To illustrate this, we know of no earlier beginnings of literary art than in Greece in the days of Plato. From this time on, literature has survived war, pestilence, and even the "dark ages" when it was thought that all in the literary field was doomed, and we have imitated the writings of Greece, Rome, France, Spain, and finally of the great playwright, William Shakespeare. Unfortunately for literature, the rhetorical expression of feeling is rarely on a level with its emotional intensity. This accounts for the inferiority of national hymns, which, as a rule, are not of DOROTHY ANGEVINE Dean of Women; Professor of English, French, Denison University; A. M.. Ohio State University. and Latin; A. B., VIOLA HARBAUGH Tippecanoe City, Ohio Student Body Officer 4; Class Officer 3, 4; Y. W. C. A. President 4; Glee Club 1, 2, 3; Mock Wedding Bride 4; Literary 1, 2, 3, 4; Bible Reading Contest, Winner 2; Class Play 4. WILLIS GORMLEY Cedarville, Ohio Y. M. C. A.; Literary; Class Play 4. Page Sixteen
CEDRUS STAFF Poetry has received the approval of the generations. Between the distinctly great pieces which all men competent to judge would accept without hesitation, and the distinctly inferior pieces which these same persons would as summarily reject, there lies a vast body of verse, the appeal of which depends on individual choice. In the colleges of this land we have tried to keep literature at the top of our appreciation list. More and more we are giving our attentions to the so-called developments and movements in literature, which gives us an adequate realization of historical background and perspective. In the universities all over our nation and in foreign lands, we have stressed the requirements of a literary course before graduation. Many of the topics studied by advanced students of literature likewise connect closely with questions of economic and social development. The rapid growth in circulation of magazines suggests that literature is becoming more and more the chief source of pleasure of the masses. To maintain this position of prominence, literature must contrive to adapt itself to new conditions, and reveal itself in new forms. Through this metamorphosis will evolve an ever higher, more meaningful style of literary expression. —Arthur Donaldson. high order from the point of view of literature. First row—Cultice, Gordon, West, Stevenson, Bull; The patriotism of men must needs supply an inSecond row—Spencer, Kilpatrick, Kuehrmann, Free, Donaldson; spiration which the words themselves lack. Third row—H. Murray, Richards, Hutchison, Bost, Garlough. FLORENCE McLAUGHLIN Salem, Illinois Sterling College, Kansas, 1, 2, 3; Mixed Chorus, Glee Club, Quartett, Mock Wedding Minister, Class Play, 4. Page Seventeen Miss Angevine In the fall of 1929, all new and former students of Cedarville College had their attentions fixed on the opening of the new year. Special attention was usually attracted to the new additions to the faculty row. Among this body in '29 was Miss Dorothy Angevine, the new head of the English and Latin Departments. • She was the little member of the "big three" who lived at Mrs. Oglesbee's, for the personal chapronage of the Misses Eloise McLaughlin and Sarah Margaret Chance. Miss Angevine amused
JUNIOR CLASS First row: Robert Ross, Paul McLaughlin, Lois Cultice, Homer Murray. Second row: Margaret Berk, Glenna Basore, Walter Kilpatrick, Nina Stevenson. Third row: Raymond Hargrave, Lloyal Ross, Doris Hartman. Ralph Moorman. Fourth row: Robert Bratton, John Mills, Regena Smith, Edward Tedrick, John Murray. herself daily with Miss Parry's attemptsto keep the females of the institution in the straight and narrow path. Little did she realize that by the time another September had rolled around she would have been advanced to the coveted position of Dean of Women at Cedarville College. She has continued as most efficient Dean of Women for the past four years, although that is not the only new job she has taken on— in fact, she has something new every year. She now teaches French, Spanish, English, and Latin, and seemingly thrives on variety for she renders her services efficiently and cheerfully. We know of no one who is more willing to help the person who really wants help. Anyone who wins her friendship feels proud of the fact. Mrs.Work Mrs. Margaret J. Work,our diligent and efficient Director of Music, has had excellent training and experience for the position. After graduating from high school with first honors in a class of ninety-three pupils at Washington, Pa., she attended Mommouth College, where, in her junior year, she received a music diploma, and later graduated with two degrees—Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Music. There she was elected to "Sigma Omicron Mu," a national honorary sorority. - Page Eighteen
LITERARY SOCIETY First Row: J. Finney, Ferguson, Linton, W. Reid, Cap pola, Brigner, Free, Hutchison, Kitchen; Second Row: Pyles, Berk, Bradley, Patterson, Atchison, Probasco, West, Basore, R. Murray; Third row: Richards, H. Murray, Cultice, Harbaugh, Labig, Hostetler, Chenoweth, Robe, Watson, Turnbull, Hartman, Garlough, Chirstian, Kilpatrick, J. Murray Fourth row: Moorman, Nelson, Trubee, McNamee, Donaldson, Crawford, Gordon. Auld,0. Brill, C. Brill, M. McLaughlin, Bull, Harriman, McHenry, McCallister. Immediately following her graduation, she taught at Arcanum, Ohio,for three years, until her marriage to Albert S. Work. They resided in Frenchburg, Kentucky, where she taught for three years. After the death of her husband, she accepted her position here. In the summer of 1932, she attended the Lamont Conservatory of Music, at Denver, Colorado, where she is working on her Master's Degree in Music. Mrs. Work teaches French and rhetoric in addition to her directing of the Department of Music. Miss Basore Miss Basore, instructor in Oratory, came to Cedarville from Ohio Northern, where she took special work in the public speech department. She conducts her Oratory class in a most interesting way, and it has proved very popular. Besides instructing in the Department of speech and pursuing her regular student. work, Miss Basore directs the various college plays. Mixed Chorus This newly-organized club—the Mixed Chorus, a well balanced four-part grouping of thirty-six voices—has done excellent work. At the beginning of the year, the following officers were chosen: President, Page Nineteen CARNEGIE LIBRARY
Preston Garlough; vice president, Eleanor Bull; and secretary,Ruth West. A large share of the honor for the club's achievements is given to the worthy director, Mrs. Work. Her splendid leadership, together with equally splendid cooperation of the members,soon started the chorus on the road to success. At the Home-Coming Banquet in February, the chorus presented two groups of secular numbers; April 15, the group broadcasted an Easter cantata over WAIU in Colnmbus„ and presented the same contata, entitled "The Lord of Life," Easter evening in the local Methodist Church at the Union Service. Miss Dorotha Corry has been the accompanist for the year. The Girls' Glee Club The Girls' Glee Club, composed of twenty-two members and its capable accompanist, Miss Dorotha Corry, has been doing splendid work this year under the supervision of its new director, Mrs. Work. The officers of the club are president, Jane West; vicepresident, Doris Hartman;secretary, Carma Hostetler; and librarian, Florence McLaughlin. The club has made numerous public appearances. It sang at the Boys'Bible Reading Contest,the Day of Prayer for Colleges, Wilberforce University, the second United Presbyterian Church in Xenia, the Parent-Teachers Association at Ross, the United Presbyterian Church in Jamestown, and the Glee Club Concert. If the public has enjoyed listening to these programs as much as the club enjoyed giving them, the year's work has truly been a success. MARGARET T. WORK Professor of Music, French and English; A.B.,Monmouth College; B.M.,Monmouth College; M. M., Monmouth College Conservatory of Music; Lamont Conservatory of Music, Denver, Colorado. MIXED CHORUS First row—V. Garlough, Brigner, Richards, Hutchison, Rife; Second row—Patterson, Atchison, Crawford, M. Gordon, Probasco, Bennett; Third row—Chamb&lain, Harriman, Ferryman. Corry, Mount, Robe, Watson, Turnbull, Wham, Hartman, Free, P. Garlough, Christian; Fourth row—Mrs. Work, Chenoweth, 0. Brill, C. Brill, F. McLaughlin, M. Laughlin, Bull. Pape Twenty
First row—Chenoweth, Hostetler, Patterson, Robe, Watson, West, Cultice; Second row—Ford, Mount, F. McLaughlin, Knoop, McCallister, C. Brill, Waddle, Hartman, Prof. Work. Wham Standing—Corry. Stevenson, Spahr, Bennett, Berk, 0. Brill, M. McLaughlin, Bull. MALE QUARTETTE Seated—Prof. Work, Clyde Hutchison; Gordon, Edward Irons, Joseph Free, Preston Standing—George Garlough. heavy snows, and dense fog on those dark driving. The girls sang in Xenia at the 0.S. and S. 0. Home, the Kiwanis Club, and some of the Xenia Churches. They sang in Clifton, West Jefferson, Ross, and for various church, school and club programs in Cedarville. - The quartette enjoyed singing together and accredit much of their success to their tireless and patient training by Mrs. Work. Girls' Quartette The Girls' Quartette this year consisted of Eleanor Bull, first soprano; Maxine Bennett, second soprano; Nina Stevenson, first alto; and Florence E. McLaughlin, second alto. Anna Jane Wham,Soprano, and Doris Hartman, alto, served as alternates. These girls have been faithful in practicing and have had many enjoyable trips. They broadcasted sacred programs from WfAIU,in Columbus, every third Saturday, from October until February. These programs demonstrated the ability of the instructor, Mrs. Work, and the safe trips through icy roads, wintry Saturday mornings proved her skill in Male Quartette The personnel of the quartette this year was the same as last year.• Their experience in singing together contributed to the harmonious blending of their voices and to their subsequent popularity. Their interest in music was rivalled by their shAre in other extra-curricular activities. Nevertheless,they were all faithful in attending rehearsals, and the records show a busy Pape Twenty-one
season, which included appearances at various campus programs, at local church services, before clubs in Xenia and Dayton, and a broadcasting program. Two of the members chose the Christmas vacation to have hospital experiences, but the beginning of the second semester found everyone ready for work again. Those studying in the library on Tuesday and Thursday evenings have learned to concentrate through the harmony of "The Blind Plowman" or "Prayer Perfect," and they know it is time for the library to be closed when they hear the boys signing off (informally) with "Moon, Moon, Pretty Silvery Moon." The members of the quartette, directed by Mrs. Work,are George Gordon,first tenor; Edward Irons, second tenor; Joseph Free, baritone; Preston Garlough, bass; Clyde Hutchison, alternate an accompanist. GIRLS' QUARTETTE Hartman, F. McLaughlin, Stevenson, Bennett, Bull, Wham. Inter-Collegiate Debates History repeats itself this year in intercollegiate debating at Cedarville College. The standards set last year have been more than equalled. The.number of non-decision debates is less, the decision debates greater. Our team, upholding the affirmative, has engaged in five contests on the question,"Resolved that all banking functions should be regulated by the Federal Government, with deposits guaranteed," and has won four of them. Four of these debates occurred at the Manchester College Debate Tourney held at North Manchester, Indiana. C. C. registered wins over teams representing Wheaton College (Illinois), Huntington College (Indiana), and Manchester College, but lost to Illinois Normal College by a slight margin. The fifth debate of the season and the only home contest was with Wilmington College. Prof. P. B. Brees of Wittenberg College was the judge and gave C. C. the decision by a few points. The sixth and final meet of the year will be at Rio Grande College, Thursday, May 25. C. C. Won there last year,and the boys are determined to repeat the victory. Data regarding future prospects include the following: two members of the team will be lost by graduation, Joseph M.Free and Clyde A. Hutchison, Jr. Their places will be hard to fill. Parenthically, to Joe Free goes more credit than to any one else for the resumption of intercollegiate debating, and both of the boys will be missed because both love to debte and are willing to make real preparation, the latter a virtue not always outstanding. The two remaining members are Walter S. Kilpatrick and Franklin Trubee, both Juniors. These boys love forensic contests and have the spirit that says, "The team first." From these facts, the statement is warranted that the prospects for a strong squad next year are good. Further, the response to the call recently issued for recruits, indicates that C. C. will have several teams next season. Philosophic Literary Society • The Philosophic Literary Society of the College has achieved prominence this year through increased membership, and well-planned meetings. Page Twenty-two
DR. EDWARD P. EIGENSCHENCK Page Twenty-three Forty-three members were enrolled and the meetings were unusually well attended. Not only the enrolled members, but many guests enjoyed the instructive programs, including a mock trial, readings, music, debates, and playlets. Among the guest entertainers during the year were Ruth Marshall, pianist, and Raymond Chenoweth, accordionist, each of whom furnished an evening's entertainment. Also members of Prof. Steele's class in argumentation debated the question, "Resolved, that the Federal Government should grant old age pensions." The society affords the students the opportunity of 'developing their literary, elocutional, and musical talents. Officers are elected each semester. For the first term, Joseph Free was elected president; John Murray, vice-president; Beatrice Pyles, secretary; Carl Furgeson, treasurer; Walter Kilpatrick, chaplain; and Art Donaldson,sergeant-at-arms. Homer Murray was chosen president for the second half-year, with Jane West, vice-president; Lois Cultice, secretary; Art Donaldson, treasurer; Walter Linton, chaplain; and Franklin Trubee, sergeant-at-arms.
CHAPTER THREE Science GLASS-BLOWERS OF MURANO The American painter, Charles Fredrick Ulrich, who delights in painting people working at their profession, has in this picture given us a glimpse of Glass-blowers in the Italian city, Murano, plying their trade which has been an art since many centuries before the dawn of Christianity. VERY branch of knowledge had at some time a beginning. So science at some time in ages past had a beginning—probably a very meager one,and one which was not added to very rapidly or with any great degree of certainty. This branch of knowledge has met with many misfortunes and with much bitter opposition but it has prospered and grown because of the fact that it has a solid foundation of truth, and because it has rendered a service to the world which fully justifies its existence. Probably, if we should go back to the very beginning of science, we woud find it nearly contemporary with the first appearance of man.Even in his simple primitive life he observed scientific facts, though he could not recognize them as such. He saw the daily rising of the sun in the east and its setting in the west. He saw the flowing and the ebbing of the tide each lunar day, the passing of the seasons and their recurrence each year. Each Spring he saw the melting of the snows with the coming of warm weather.Then came the budding of the trees and the springing forth of the grass, the sprouting of seeds and the growth of many flowers and plants; in the animal kingdom there was increased life and activity. Man learned to look forward to the coming of Spring each year, and he had faith, because of past experiences, to believe that it would come. By this time he had discovered that the laws of nature are uniform and that their existence was permanent. It was expected that winter would again follow the warm days ' Page Twenty-five
A. J. HOSTETLER Registrar Director of Teachers' Training; B. S.. Ohio Northern University; A. M. Wittenberg College. of summer. He knew that there would then be a scarcity of food and a need for shelter and clothing. Another step forward in his development was taken when he used his scientific knowledge to provide for the coming season. Then in spite of all this knowledge of facts and laws came an error in man's thinking. He failed to realize that all the things which happened about him were the result of some cause, and that there was a scientific reason for it. Even though he had seen the uniformity of these laws and had even applied some of them for his own use, when he began to search for the reason and causesfor things,he substituted fantasy and superstition for the true causes. He would rather have a number of mythical gods and live in a world ruled by their whims and fancies than to accept the well planned and orderly world in which he actually lived. These superstititions and opinions were so popular that when someone did use sound reasoning and arrive at true conclusions he was not believed; in fact, he was in danger of being persecuted for his heresy. The early scientists were said to be practitioners of "Black Arts" when, in truth, they were the most enlightened individuals in the world. So we find that science met with such bitter opposition and had such a struggle for existence that its growth was very slow, especially in these early years. The old superstitions, however, were so popular and so firmly fixed that they persist even to this day —a day which is said to be the scientific age. Truly this seems to be the beginning of a great scientific era. People are becoming science-minded. We have in our grasp a great fund of knowledge and an aptitude for its application. Our duty is to apply it in the right way. It can easily be seen that with improper motives and objectives this whole civilization of ours could be wiped from the SOPHOMO RE CLASS First row: Trubee, Ferryman, Ferguson, McNamee Second row: Pyles, Mount, Patterson, Watkins, Lunsford, Atchison, M. Gordon, Bull, Spahr, Bennett Third row: Taylor, Harriman, Straley, Ford, C. Brill, West, Probasco, Crawford, Walker; Fourth row: Kitchen, Finney, Rife, Christian, Tindall, E. Spencer, Kenfield, Cash, Nelson, Donaldson, McCallister. !age Twenty-six
*•-N, 10\1. Page Twenty-eeven CLYDE HUTCHISON Cedarville, Ohio Wittenberg Summer School 2; Y. M. C. A. Cabinet 2, 4; Mixed Chorus 4; Minstrel 2: Quartet 1, 2, 4: Literary President 2; Debate 4; Bible Reading Contest 1, 2, 4; Lab. Assistant 2, 4; Cedar Day Orator 4; Class Play 4; Cedrus Play 4; Cedrus Editor 4. EDWARD IRONS Wellston, Ohio Post Graduate. LEO REED Clifton, Ohio Post Graduate. CHARLES BOST Springfield, Ohio Student Body Officer 4; Class Officer 3; Y. M. C. A. Cabinet 4; Crown Club 3; Minstrel 3; Basketball 1, 2, 3, 4; Baseball 3, 4; Lab. Assistant 3; Class Play 4; Cedrus Play 4; Cedrus Staff 3, 4. CHARLES SPENCER Springfield, Ohio Y.M.C.A. Cabinet 3; Minstrel 3; Band 1; Basketball 1, 2. 3, 4; Baseball 3. 4; Class Play 4; Cedrus Play 3; Cedrus Staff 3. 4. HERMAN SCOTT Xenia, Ohio Band 1, 2; Football 1, 2, 3; Class Play 4. PRESTON GARLOUGH Springfield, Ohio Student Body Officer 3; Class Officer 2, President 3; Y.31, C.A. Cabinet 3, President 4; Mixed Chorus 4; Minstrel 1, 3; Quartet 2, 3. 4; Literary 3, 4; Football 2, 3, 4; Basketball 1, 2, 3, 4; Baseball 1, 2, 3, 4; Class Play 4; Cedrus Play 4; Cedrus Staff 4. EDGAR BRIGNER Cedarville, Ohio Y.M.C.A. Cabinet 3; Mixed Chorus 4; Minstrel 1, 3; Band 1, 2; Literary 1, 2. 3, 4; Class Play 4. earth by the very thing which can make it a more worth while place in which to live. At present, science is being usefully and profitably applied in many fields. It is serving as a basis for practically every industry and profession. It is found to be in complete harmony with all things including not only industry, business, agriculture, and the professions, but also religion. Probably one of the most important applications is in education where scientific methods of teaching are procuring results far beyond the inefficient methods of past years. A great contribution of science is the establishment of the scientific method of thinking which bases all decisionson experimental evidence and observed facts, and gives no place to superstition, opinions, and prejudice. With scientific thinking there is a desire for truth in all matters. • The fact that this is a scientific age well under way, makes necessary the education of every individual to appreciate science and to have a general understanding of natural phenomena, as well as the highly specialized training of individuals for each branch of science. -Charles Spencer. In Cedarville College, science and mathematics are taught in such a way as to make for their appreciation. For those who intend to specialize in these subjects there is also the opportunity to get the detailed knowledge that is necessary for specialization. For the future we predict that a greater interest will be shown in the science department of Cedarville
JOHN W. AULT Director of Physical Education; Professor of Mathematics and Physics; B. S. Bowling Green State College. College,for the experience and personality of the professors and their ideal of practical science will appeal to increasing numbers of students. Mr.Kuehrmann Mr. Kuehrmann, who is professor of our chemistry department, is liberal in his views concerning science. He makes the following statements about his own aims for teaching chemistry: "The ideal before us in the teaching of college science is to adapt the instruction to the best interests of the student. The general aim may be said to include an effort to make men and women intellectually responsive in ways that are characteristically scientific. We wish to train intellects and to develop in the individual an abiding desire for the truth in all matters. Our science work is emphasized with due regard for the other aspects of student life which together make for a well balanced individual experience." Mr.Hostetler Again in the biology department we find subjects being taught in a practical way. Professor Hostetler says that the tendency in science today is to get away from the philosophical side, and to get atthings first hand. His instructions exemplify this new methotd, for the biology lab contains many specimens of the things being studied. Many trips are made into the field, so that students not only collect specimens with which they will work, but also observe them in their natural environment.Biology comes close to one's everyday life and it holds many possibilities for enriching life and making it more thoroughly understood. Professor Hostetler thinks that although the practical work is most useful, yet some place should be given to theory. Mr.Ault Our professor of mathematics is J. W. Ault. In keeping with modern mathematics methods, Professor Ault teaches the things which can be used in different branches of science and that can be applied in a practical way in everyday life. He departs for the old method of memorizing facts and stresses instead a logical method of thinking. He believes that in mathematics the main thing to learn is to organize material, and then SCIENCE BUILDING Page twenty-eight
0. W. KUEHRMANN Professor of Science; B. S.. Purdue University; Butler University; Ohio State University. to apply it to the solution of the problem. Mathematics taught in this way can be used in many and varied situations. Professor Ault's collegiate training was received at Bowling Green State College, where he prepared especially for the teaching of mathematical services. He was also very active in athletics, and as director of physical education at Cedarville, he is enabled to maintain this interest in sports. Page Twenty-nine
3§Z wor tvc CHAPTER FOUR Vocations "PEACE AND PLENTY" "Peace and Plenty," an autumnal scene by the American landscape painter, George Inness, shows the harvest, the reward gained by hard toil. Inness is considered the most prominent figure in early American landscape, by the excellence and scope of his art and the versatility of his treatment. OW we search in vain for the unconventional in writing on a subject of this sort! And how uniformly unsuccessful we are in attaining it. This whole matter of vocations is so far-reaching in its implications that to deal with it in afew hundred words convinces us at the outset that we are doomed to utter failure. Vocation in the common use of the term, means job. To the educator itmay mean a chosen job, a tailored position for an individual of definite measurements, or a tailored individual for a position of definite measurements. Yet our thinking during these pastfew years is so influenced by general employment conditions that we begin to wonder,if "choice of vocation," "vocational guidance,""what shall I be," and similar phrases have any real meaning at all. But upon deeper reflection, we conclude that, whether the supply of workers be too great or too small, the problem of putting the right man in the right place stays with us. We endeavor to solve this problem at college, but we must admit that our success is rather indifferent. Probably it is chance, in one form or another, not aptitude or merit, which determines what shall constitute our vocational niche in society. Our older brother becomes a school teacher. He makes a living, enjoys the association of interesting people and a few of life's luxuries; we conclude that we shall be school teachers. If deep down within our hearts we have a persistent suspicion that we would be a better doctor than teacher, and if we secretly decide that teaching shall be our stepping-stone in that direction, then we must do one of two things: bear the brunt of being a "transient" if we make our secret known;or consider ourselves hypo critical toward the teaching profession if we keep our secret. N4, Page Thirty-one
HELEN Of course,this case is hypothetical. If our brother be an engineer, we may follow that vocation. Our father may be an electrician and to that we may turn. Now the result of all this is that we do not follow any objective, scientific basis of vocation choice. If this be true of college graduates, how much more true it is of others. So chance becomes our vocation-determining force, and society must run the risk of our becoming round pegs in holes of decidely different description. The ideal is not difficult to imagine. Put every person into the job which will be mutually beneficial to him and to society; put him there as early in life as will be consistent with thorough training. But how is it to be done? Phrenology was a master stroke in this direction, except that is was too good to be true.So we have thrown Phrenology into the ash heap and no longer place any faith Secretary to the president; in it as a basis for vocational classification. Instructor in shorthand and typing. Is there nothing, then, to which we may turn as a guide for sorting out this conglomerate mass of youth which graduate from our schools and colleg es? Apparently there is none yet. Butthat does not mean that we must continue to let chance hold the balance of powef. The beginnings are being made for a definite, scientific movement toward efficient vocational guidance. We have psychological authorities, who can quickly analyze the youth's aptitudes and desires, and who know the fields of activities offered in our complex civi lization. These specialists can become sound counselors for us who hesitate almost to the point of being lost. They form the nucleus for an efficient vocational-planning system. We must plead for more such experts and for more strength to their arms. —Joseph M. Free BAKER Normal Department Cedarville College has gained honors and high standing in many fields during her history, but in no line of endeavor is her record more notable than in the normal department. Probably no other teacher training institution in the country can point to such a high proportion of successful grade-school, high-school, and college teachers among her graduates. This brilliant record is due to measures that assure the prospective instructor of being thoroughly qualified to assume his responsibilities, well-grounded in the basic acquirements, and highly trained in the fields of specialization which he may choose. That this high standard of preparation is recognized by authorities in the teaching profession is demonstrated by the department's remarkable success in placing its graduates. Cedarville College alumni can be found in countless townships in Ohio and surrounding states, and everywhere they are popular with pupils and parents alike. Most of the credit for the showing made CHURCH ON COMMENCEMENT DAY, MAY 1932 Page Thirty-two
by Cedarville's normal department during the past few years is due to Prof. Hostetler, the head of the department. He possesses a keen,analytical mind that finds wide range for expression in giving individual criticisms to the student teachers. Also, he is endowed with the infinite patience necessary to help his students deal with their many problems. Every recent graduate of the College counts him a wise counselor and a true friend. Rev. Guthrie The college greatly appreciates the interest hat Rev. Guthrie, pastor of the local Presbyterian Church, has taken in our various activities throughout the past year. Rev. Guthrie came to Cedarville last spring, having just previously completed his resident requirement work at the Edinburgh University, Scotland. Rev. Guthrie graduated from Grove City College in 1925, and from the Western Theological Seminary in Pittsburgh in 1929, and after serving a year as assistant pastor at the First Presbyterian Church of Indianapolis, went to Edinburg to work on his Ph. D. Since coming to Cedarville he has been closely allied with our school, serving as Professor of Ethics and Apologetics, both during the regular term and summer school. and as religious worker among the students. Dr.Ray Dr. Ray, we're sorry we can't claim you s a full-time professor. You come here to our institution, your Alma Mater, and teach us the important things about living healthy, disease-free lives, and eliminating disease from humanity's ills. We're sorry you can not be with us daily, but our gain would be the community's loss; so maybe 'tis best so. Miss Waddle After graduating from Cedarville College with highest honors last June, Miss Martha Waddle is back in school this year, taking advanced work and acting as assistant in Prof. Y. W. C. A. First row: C. Brill, Bisdorf, Labig, Cultice, 0. Brill, Pyles, Watson, Spahr, West; Second row: Dean, McCallister, Walker Patterson, Lunsford, Smith, Atchison, Bradley, Watkins, Crawford, Gordon, M. McLaughlin, Linton, Probasco, Henry, Guthre; Third row: Turnbull, Harbaugh, Chenoweth, Straley, Baker, Prof Angevine, F. McLaughlin, Bennett, Corry, Corbin, Hartman, Knoop, Basore, Berk, Wham; Fourth row: McCallister, Mount, Robe, Prof. Work, Hostetler, Coulter, Ford, Waddle, Auld, Swaby, Stevenson, Bull. Page Thirty-three
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