Glossary of Terms 223 Macronutrient: Type of food (e.g., fat, protein, carbohydrate) required in large amounts in the human diet. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): A procedure that uses magnetism, radio waves, and a computer to create pictures from inside the body. Major minerals: Minerals your body needs in relatively large (or major) quantities. Major minerals include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and sulfur. Maximal effort method: One of the three methods of strength training used by powerlifters to develop muscular strength. Maximal lactate steady state (MLSS): Highest blood lactate concentration and work load that can be maintained over time without a continual blood lactate accumulation. Maximum heart rate (MHR): The maximum number of beats made by the heart in 1-minute during physical exertion. Meal planning made easy (MPME): A dietary strategy that implements MyPlate guidance in terms of daily caloric intake and recommended number of servings of fruits, vegetables, grains, protein and dairy. Melatonin: A hormone released at night by the pineal gland that is associated with control of the body’s sleep-wake cycle. Metabolic equivalent (MET): A MET also is defined as oxygen uptake in ml/kg/min with one MET equal to the oxygen cost of sitting quietly, equivalent to 3.5 ml/kg/min. Metabolic resistance training: A method of strength training used for fat loss that incorporates supersetting certain core lifts (e.g., bench + bent-over row) and finishes with a drop sets of another core lift (e.g., deadlift). Metabolism: Metabolism is the total processes (both anabolic and catabolic) used by the body to get or make energy from food. Micronutrient: Type of food (e.g., vitamins, minerals) required in trace amounts in the human diet. Minerals: Consist of inorganic elements found in foods that are essential to certain metabolic functions. Examples include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphate, sulfate, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, iodine, selenium, and molybdenum. Mobility: Degree to which a joint is allowed to move before being restricted by surrounding tissue. Moderate-intensity aerobic activity: Physical activity performed hard enough to raise heart rate and break a sweat, but easy enough to still be able to talk, but not sing. Monosaccharide: Single sugar unit, such as glucose. Monounsaturated fat: Type of fat found in avocados, canola oil, nuts, olives and olive oil, and seeds. Monounsaturated fats (aka "healthy fats") are thought to help lower cholesterol and reduce heart
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