Page 20 Walker • Humor in the Foreign Language Classroom Appendix B Glossary L1 Someone’s first or native language L2 Someone’s second language Affective filter A mental block (due to motivation, attitude, anxiety, selfconfidence, etc.) that negatively affects language learning Triangulation Gathering data from various types of sources for greater accuracy Co-construction Collaborating with your research participants and involving them in the process of building your research Member checking Collecting feedback from research participants and having them check your understanding to ensure accuracy Willingness to communicate Students’ openness to using a foreign language, especially when actively seeking out opportunities to communicate Gricean maxims Language philosopher Paul Grice described four “maxims” or rules people typically follow in effective communication. Breaking these maxims can be a common indicator of humor in conversation Facework In social interactions, facework refers to behaviors people use to maintain “face” or dignity for both themselves and the people they’re interacting with Likert scale A rating scale used frequently in questionnaires (e.g. on a scale of 1–5, how much do you like pizza?)
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