Pre-Service Teachers' Use of Frustration to Enhance Communication

LITERATURE ON STUDENT TEACHING “The pre-service teaching experience is the only indisputably essential element in professional education” (Conant, 1963, 142). Training under the supervision of veteran teachers is beneficial (Zimpher, deVoss & Nott, 1980). One purpose of teacher education is to alter attitudes of teacher candidates towards the content and towards the learner (Freeman & Johnson, 1998).