The Idea of an Essay, Volume 4

148 The Idea of an Essay: Volume 4 students throughout their college decision-making process and college (Naylor, Wyatt-Nichol, and Brown 533). The improvement of Advanced Placement course availability to minority students is their only curriculum solution (Naylor, Wyatt-Nichol, and Brown 533). Whaley and Noël, however, further expound their solutions by urging for better teacher training detailingAfricanAmerican culture and recognizing racism’s effects on African American students (35). They also call for cultural curriculum improvements promoting great achievements of African Americans, instead of slavery. Furthermore, they propose improved school policies involving the family and community, promoting academic achievement (Whaley and Noel 34). Marvin Lynn offers the most in-depth solution, offering a different perspective. Lynn provides the most detailed exposition of curriculum changes. He disagrees with Whaley and Noël regarding the simple addition of cultural courses to school curriculum. Lynn believes the United States should implement the Critical Race Theory (CRT), a highly detailed curriculum discussing racism and discrimination’s various forms. CRT defines racism as natural in a predominantly white society (qtd. in Calmore 25-82; Lynn 116). Lynn notes, “The educational system becomes one of the chief means through which the system of white supremacy regenerates and renews itself” (117). He contends the principal aim of American curriculum is the promotion of Euro-American culture and the negation of African-American culture. He also suggests that schools never desired true academic achievement among African American students and that the Critical Race Theory will potentially offset the white supremacy that is so prevalent inAmerican schools (Lynn 117). Lynn also suggests that research conducted regarding curriculum changes should take into account African Americans heartbreaking history. He comments, “...research on African Americans that fails to take into account the impact of African Americans’ history as a people forcibly ripped away from their native homeland and forced to endure centuries of socially sanctioned torture not only does an injustice to African Americans, but it also does an injustice to our society” (Lynn 119). All three articles challenge the current method of African American education. The authors agree that change is indispensable to limit racism in schools. Schools must promote and encourage,