The Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Creationism (2018)

Doran et al. ◀ Dinosaur baraminology ▶ 2018 ICC 431 Figure 56. PCA scores for Breeden’s (2016) data matrix for Thyreophora. PC 1 accounts for 23.4% of the variance and PC 2 accounts for 20.6% of the variance. Anearly stratomorphic morphoseries of ornithopods connects Thyreophora (middle right) to ornithopods and “basal” ornithischians from lower layers (center). PC 2 reveals a discontinuity between Stegosauria and Ankylosauria and other thyreophorans. Figure 57. Biplot of PCA scores (black) and vectors (gray) Breeden’s (2016) data matrix for Thyreophora. PC 1 accounts for 23.4% of the variance and PC 3 accounts for 16.6% of the variance. PC 3 groups ornithopods and thyreophorans while separating members of Ceratopsia (bottom). Figure 58. BDC results for Galton and Upchurch’s (2004b) data matrix of Stegosauria, as calculated by BDISTMDS (relevance cutoff 0.80). Closed squares indicate significant, positive BDC; open circles indicate significant, negative BDC. Figure 59. Three-dimensional classical MDS applied to Galton and Upchurch’s (2004b) data matrix for Stegosauria. Members of Stegosauria are shown in gray with only Huayangosaurus in orange. The outgroup is located separately (red). The scree plot shows the first coordinate represents a majority of the variation.