The Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Creationism (2018)

Doran et al. ◀ Dinosaur baraminology ▶ 2018 ICC 438 Figure 80. Biplot of PCA scores (black) and vectors (gray) for Horner et al.’s (2004) data matrix for Hadrosauridae. PC 1 accounts for 49.4% of the variance and PC 2 accounts for 31.5% of the variance. Members of Hadrosauridae are grouped in a series on the left. PC 2 separates lambeosaurine hadrosaurids (bottom) from saurolophine hadrosaurids (top). Figure 81. PCA scores for Cruzado-Caballero and Powell’s (2017) data matrix for Hadrosauroidea. PC 1 accounts for 47.3% of the variance and PC 2 accounts for 20.2% of the variance. PC 1 and PC 2 reveal discontinuity between the Lambeosaurinae and Saurolophinae subfamilies. PC 2 further suggests additional division within the Saurolophinae morphoseries: 1) Kritosaurini + Brachylophosaurini (top) and 2) Edmontosaurini + Saurolophini. The lambeosaurine Aralosaurus clusters with Saurolophinae morphoseries 1. Figure 82. PCA scores for Cruzado-Caballero and Powell’s (2017) data matrix for Hadrosauroidea. PC 1 accounts for 47.3% of the variance and PC 3 accounts for 15.6% of the variance. PC 3 separates the Lambeosaurinae from the Saurolophinae on the left, and it also separates the non-hadrosauromorph Hadrosauriformes from the non-hadrosaurid Hadrosauromorpha (right). Figure 83. BDC results for Maryańska et al.’s (2004) data matrix of Pachycephalosauria, as calculated by BDISTMDS (relevance cutoff 0.80). Closed squares indicate significant, positive BDC; open circles indicate significant, negative BDC.