The Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Creationism (2018)

Doran et al. ◀ Dinosaur baraminology ▶ 2018 ICC 442 Figure 88. BDC results for Hailu and Dodson’s (2004) data matrix of “basal” Ceratopsia, as calculated by BDISTMDS (relevance cutoff 0.95). Closed squares indicate significant, positive BDC; open circles indicate significant, negative BDC. Figure 89. Three-dimensional classical MDS applied to Hailu and Dodson’s (2004) data matrix for “basal” Ceratopsia. Outgroup members are light gray, Ceratopsia is light red, and the generic outgroup is dark red. The outgroup is clustered closest to Psittacosaurus mongoliensis and Chaoyangsaurus youngi . Scree plot suggests the first axis represents most of the variation. Figure 90. Biplot of PCA scores (black) and vectors (gray) for Hailu and Dodson’s (2004) data matrix for Ceratopsia. PC 1 accounts for 58.6% of the variance and PC 2 accounts for 19.2% of the variance. Members of Psittacosauridae split into bottom and top-right. Triceratops and Centrosaurus show clear separation (top left). Figure 91. PCA scores for Han et al.’s (2017) data matrix for Ceratopsia. PC 1 accounts for 29.9% of the variance and PC 2 accounts for 19.5% of the variance. PC 1 separates ceratopsians (right) from the other taxa. PC 1 and PC 2 reveal a nearly stratomorphic morphoseries for Ceratopsia (right). Basal taxa also suggest a stratomorphic series (left).