The Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Creationism (2018)

say! The 8 parallels that are listed are strong points, however, and they make it very likely that the manuscript is about the plagues (especially the river being blood). CONCLUSION We see that the Ipuwer Papyrus displays strong extra-biblical evidence for the historicity of the Exodus in its description of a chaotic Egypt that would have resulted from the biblical 10 plagues. In addition, Table 1 lists some direct parallels between statements in the manuscript and in the biblical narrative. It is important to date the events described in the manuscript at the right time in history, to recognize the divergence of the conventional and biblical timelines, and to accept the concurrence of the 6 th and 12 th Dynasties of Egypt. The Ipuwer Papyrus is therefore a powerful biblical apologetic. REFERENCES A shton, J., and D. Down. 2006. Unwrapping the pharaohs . Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. Butzer, K.W. 2012. Collapse, environment, and society. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)109, no. 10:3632–3639. Callender, G. 2003. The Middle Kingdom renaissance. In The Oxford history of ancient Egypt , ed. I. Shaw, pp. 137–171. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Dollinger, A. 2000. The admonitions of Ipuwer. Retrieved June 3, 2018, from http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/texts/ipuwer.htm. Enmarch, R. 2008. A World Upturned: Commentary on and Analysis of ‘The Dialogue of Ipuwer and the Lord of All.’ Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Published for The British Academy. Enmarch, R. 2011. The reception of a Middle Egyptian poem: The dialogue of Ipuwer and The Lord of All in the Ramesside period and beyond. In Ramesside Studies in Honour of K.A. Kitchen , eds. M. Collier, and S. Snape, pp. 169–175. Bolton, England: Rutherford Press. Erman, A. 1966. The Ancient Egyptians: A sourcebook of Their Writings . New York: Harper Torchbooks. [Originally published by Erman in German in 1923. Translated into English by A.M. Blackman in 1927.] Faulkner, R.O. 1965. The admonitions of an Egyptian sage. Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 51:53–62. Gardiner, A.H. 1909. The Admonitions of an Egyptian Sage from a Hieratic Papyrus in Leiden . Leipzig, Germany: J.C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung. Gardiner, A.H. 1972. Egypt of the Pharaohs . Oxford, England: Oxford University Press [paperback edition]. Gaudet, J. 2014. Papyrus: The Plant that Changed the World—from Ancient Egypt to Today’s Water Wars . New York, London: Pegasus Books. Habermehl, A. 2013. Revising the Egyptian chronology: Joseph as Imhotep, and Amenemhat IV as pharaoh of the Exodus. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Creationism , ed. M.F. Horstemeyer. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Creation Science Fellowship. Habermehl, A. 2018. Chronology and the Gezer connection—Solomon, Thutmose III, Shishak and Hatshepsut. Journal of Creation 32, no. 2:83–90. Hassan, F. A. 2007. Droughts, famine and the collapse of the Old Kingdom: Re-reading Ipuwer. In The Archaeology and Art of Ancient Egypt: Essays in Honor of David B. O’Connor, vol. 1, eds. Z.A. Hawass and J. Richards, pp. 357–377. Cairo: Imprimerie du Conseil Supreme des Antiquites. Holden, J.M., and N. Geisler. 2013. The Popular Handbook of Archaeology and the Bible . Eugene, Oregon: Harvest House Publishers. Humphreys, C.J. 2003. The Miracles of Exodus: A Scientist’s Discovery of the Extraordinary Natural Causes of the Biblical Stories . New York: HarperSanFrancisco. Jeffrey, G.R. 2002. Unveiling Mysteries of the Bible . Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Frontier Research Publications, Inc. Kolom, A.L. 2008. Brainwashed and Miracles . Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse. Lichtheim, M. 1973/1975. Ancient Egyptian literature: The Old and Middle Kingdoms (vol. 1) . Berkley, California: University of California Press. Mark, J.J. 2016. The admonitions of Ipuwer. Ancient History Encyclopedia . Retrieved April 25, 2018, from http://www.ancient.eu/article/981/. Mathieu, B. 2012. Reflexion sur le “Daressy fragment” et ses hommes illustres. In “Parcourir l’éternité”. Hommages à Jean Yoyotte: Tome II, eds. C. Zivie-Coche and I. Guermeur, pp. 819–852. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers. Mӧller, L. 2002. The Exodus Case . Copenhagen, Denmark: Scandinavia Publishing House. Pessimistic Literature. 2005. Arts and humanities through the eras. Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved April 25, 2018, from http://www. encyclopedia.com/humanities/culture-magazines/pessimistic-literature. Rice, M. 1999. Who’s Who in Ancient Egypt . London and New York: Routledge. Shaw, I. 2003. The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt . Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. Simpson, W.K. 2003. The Literature of Ancient Egypt . New Haven, Connecticut, and London: Yale University Press. Smith, H. 2015. A question on Egyptian hieroglyphics. Bible and Spade 28, no. 1:3. Stefanovic, D. and H. Satzinger. 2014. An early 12 th -Dynasty “Appeal to the living” (Stela Musée Rodin Inv. No Co 1305). Chronique d’Egypte 89, no. 177:28─33. Retrieved April 25, 2018, from https://www. academia.edu/22540185/An_early_12th_Dynasty_Appeal_to_the_ Living_Stela_Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin_Inv._No._co_1305_ . Stewart, T.T. 2003. Solving the Exodus Mystery, vol. 1. Lubbock, Texas: Biblemart.com. Te Velde, H. 1988. Egyptian hieroglyphs as linguistic signs and metalinguistic informants. In The Image in Writing : Visible Religion: Annual for Religious Iconography (vol. VI) , eds. H.G. Kippenberg, L.P. Van den Bosch, L. Leertouwer, and H.A. Witte, pp. 169–179. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. Van Seters, J. 1964.Adate for the ‘Admonitions’in the Second Intermediate Period. The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 50:13–23. Velikovsky, I. 1952. Ages in Chaos. Vol. I: From the Exodus to King Akhnaton . Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc. Wilson, J.A. 1969. Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament , 3 rd ed. James E. Pritchard, editor. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. THE AUTHOR Anne Habermehl is a creationist researcher, writer, and speaker. She has published on topics such as the Egyptian timeline, the search for Noah’s Ark, the location of the Tower of Babel, the placement of the Ice Age in history, and who the Neanderthals were. Born in Canada, she has a B.Sc. from the University of Waterloo (chemistry major), Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Her web site is www.creationsixdays.net. Habermehl ◀ Ipuwer Papyrus and the Exodus ▶ 2018 ICC 6