144 Chapter 7: Training for Mobility In terms of precautions, it is important not to bounce (e.g., ballistic stretching) or force a movement when stretching. Immediately stop stretching if you experience any sharp or shooting pains. Additionally, stretching is not recommended if you have sustained a recent injury, are within 8-12 weeks post fracture, and/or have acute inflammation in the joint or surrounding tissue. Low Back Pain Causes According to one online poll, it is estimated that 80% of American adults will suffer from back pain at least once in their lives (Peterson & Rittenhouse, 2019). Additionally, it is estimated that 20% of adults under the age of 60 suffer from chronic back pain (Cady, 2016). Low back pain can be caused by many factors. Some of the prominent causes of low back pain include bulging or herniated discs, spinal stenosis (abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal), piriformis syndrome and/or arthritis. In addition to the aforementioned causes, low back pain can also be self-induced. For example, some of the common agitators of low back pain include prolonged sitting / standing, certain sleeping positions and poor posture. Keeping the spine in a flexed or overextended position for a prolonged period of time can lead to or exacerbate low back pain. Figure 7.12 depicts the proper and improper body position for various daily activities. Figure 7.12. Proper and Improper Posture for Various Daily Activities
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